Periodic Table MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Periodic Table - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Transition elements.Key PointsSuperconductors:

• Superconductivity is a set of physical properties:
  • electrical resistance vanishes 
  • magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material.
• Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero
• A superconductor has a characteristic critical temperature below which the resistance drops abruptly to zero.
• An electric current through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.
• Superconductor material classes include chemical elements (e.g. mercury or lead), alloys (such as niobium-titanium, germanium–niobium, and niobium nitride), ceramics (YBCO and magnesium diboride), etc.
• Superconductors are mostly compounds of transition metal. Hence option 4 is correct.

The correct answer is d-Block elements.    

• d-Block elements are called- ''Transition elements'' because the elements move from one place to another. 
• Block division of Elements: 
  • The s-block elements having group 2 (alkaline earth metals) & group 1 (alkali metals).
  • The p-block elements are groups 13-18 (basic metals, metalloids, nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases).
  • The d and f Block elements in the groups of 3 to 11 are also called transition elements and inner transition elements respectively.
  • 4f and 5f orbitals of f-block elements are steadily in the next two long periods.
  • The position is highly thoughtful in the periodic table according to its nature & properties.

Additional Information

• Modern Periodic Table: 
  • The defects of the periodic table of  Mendeleev were sorting out by Henry Moseley who invented the modern periodic law in 1913. 
  • The law of modern table states that - ''according to the increasing order of their atomic numbers if the elements are arranged, then the element's physical & chemical properties are repeated after regular intervals.

• Group 18 in the periodic table includes all the Noble gases/ Inert Gases.
•  They are Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), Radon (Rn) & Oganesson (Og) or Ununoctium (Uno).
• These gases are also called inert gases because they do not form any compounds when reacted with other elements and have either octet or duplet configuration.

The correct answer is  Hydrogen.
Key Points 

• Hydrogen is the only non-metal placed with alkali metals.
• Hydrogen and alkali metals are placed in group 1 of the periodic table.
• This is so because Hydrogen and alkali metals both have only one electron in their valence shell.
• Alkali metals include Lithium (³Li), Sodium (¹¹Na), Potassium (¹⁹K), Rubidium (³⁷Rb), Caesium (⁵⁵Cs), and Francium (⁸⁷Fr).
• Alkali metals along with Alkaline Earth metals form the s-block elements since the last electron enters the s-orbital.
• Alkali metals are highly reactive, shiny, and soft metals. They readily lose their valence electron to become cations with a +1 charge.
• These react with acids to form salt and hydrogen gas. For eg:
  • 2Na + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂

The correct answer is Radon.

• In the modern periodic table, group 18 belongs to noble gases.
• This group of a series of gases includes:
  • Argon. Helium, Neon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon.
• Radon is the only radioactive out of all and it's also not present in the Atmosphere.

Important Points

• Their outer shell of valence electrons is considered to be "full", giving them little tendency to participate in chemical reactions, so they are considered the most stable elements of the periodic table.
• Noble gases are also known as inert and rare gases.
• Neon, argon, krypton, and xenon are obtained from air in an air separation unit using the methods of liquefaction of gases and fractional distillation.
• Helium is sourced from natural gas fields that have high concentrations of helium in natural gas, using cryogenic gas separation techniques.
• Radon is usually isolated from the radioactive decay of dissolved radium, thorium, or uranium compounds. 

Key Points

• Nobel gases are odourless, non-flammable, colourless, and monoatomic gas with low chemical reactivity.
• All noble gases are insoluble in water.
• Nobel gases conduct electricity and fluorescence which can be needed in many conditions to maintain a constant and safe environment.
• They have a complete octet that makes them very stable, so they hardly react with other elements. Xenon is the only noble gas that may form compounds either with fluoride or oxide.

Additional Information

• Noble gases have several important applications in industries such as lighting, welding, and space exploration.
• Helium-oxygen breathing gas is often used by deep-sea divers at depths of seawater over 55 m (180 ft).
• After the risks caused by the flammability of hydrogen became apparent, it was replaced with helium in blimps and balloons.

K2CO3 or potassium carbonate is known as pearl ash.

• Pearl ash, in ancient times, was created by baking potash in a kiln in order to remove impurities. The remaining fine, white powder was pearl ash.
• Potassium carbonate is an inorganic compound and a white salt which is soluble in water.
• It is mainly used in the production of glass and soap.

Additional Information

The correct answer is option 1, i.e  Alkali Metals.

EXPLANATION:

• The elements in the first group of s-block are also known as Alkali Metals. These have only one electron in their outermost shell and hence are quite reactive as they easily lose their electron to form bonds with non-metals.

• The elements in the second group of s-block are also known as Alkaline Earth Metals. These have two electrons in their outermost shell and are less reactive than Alkali metals.
• Halogens are the group 17 elements and are placed in the p-block.
• Noble gases are the group 18 elements and are placed in the p-block. These are the least reactive amongst all the elements found in the periodic table as they have a stable configuration.

The Correct Answer is Option (4) i.e. Potassium.

• Potassium belongs to the group of alkali metals and belongs to the group-1 of the periodic table which lies in the s-block of the periodic table.
• The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.
• The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group-2 of the periodic table.
• Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Radium are the six elements of the group of alkaline earth metals.

The correct answer is Preserving pickle.

Key Points

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is known as 'caustic soda' and it is a 'high-base' alkali.
• It is used in the manufacture of pulp and paper cloth, drinking water, soap, and detergent.
• In the field of medicine, sodium hydroxide is used for the treatment, control, prevention, and improvement of diseases.

Hint

• Sodium benzoate is used as a preservative for carbonated drinks, jams and fruit juices, and pickles.

The correct answer is Both of them undergo sublimation.

Important Points

• Both camphor and ammonium chloride are solid at room temperature.
• But they are vaporised (gas phase) when heat is applied.
  • This property is called Sublimation.

Key Points

• Sublimation - Direct conversion of a solid into the vapour state is called sublimation.
• The heat of sublimation - Heat required to change a unit mass of solid directly into vapour, at a given temperature, is called the heat of sublimation at that temperature.

Additional Information

• Camphor:
  • Colourless or white crystalline powder, flammable, waxy with a strong mothball-like odour.
  • Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₆O.
  • Organic compound.
• Ammonium chloride:
  • Molecular Formula: NH₄Cl
  • Also, called sal ammoniac (White crystalline salt).
  • Inorganic compounds and highly soluble in water, alcohol, methanol, glycerol, etc.
  • Ammonium Chloride gives an acidic solution by dissolving in water.
  • Inorganic compound.

Key PointsGunmetal, also known as red brass, is a type of bronze  an alloy of copper, tin, and zinc. Proportions vary by source, but 88% copper, 8-10% tin, and 2-4% zinc is an approximations. 

• It was used mainly for making guns and bullets. Now it is superseded by Steel.
• Gunmetal is used extensively for making heavy machinery parts as it can withstand high pressure and is corrosion resistant.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Ethanol.

Key Points

• Ethanol, anhydrous ethyl alcohol has a chemical formula of C2H5OH or CH3CH2OH.
• It can be produced from sugarcane, maize, wheat, etc which are having high starch content. 
• Ethanol can be mixed with the gasoline to form different blends. 
• As the ethanol molecule contains oxygen, it allows the engine to completely combust the fuel, resulting in fewer emissions and thereby reducing the occurrence of environmental pollution.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Argon.

Key Points

• Argon has all filled orbitals as well as a filled valence shell.
• As a result, it doesn’t want to lose or gain any electrons.
• Hence, argon has the lowest electron affinity.

Important Points

• Electron affinity is the change in energy of a neutral atom (gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion.
  • Electron affinity increases from left to right in the Periodic Table.
  • Electron affinity decreases down the groups.
• The electronic affinity of the Noble gases, Alkali metals, and Alkali earth metals are close to zero.

Additional Information

Fluorine

• Atomic number: 9.
• Symbol: F.
• Most electronegative element.
• First isolated by Henri Moissan.

Bromine

• Atomic number: 35.
• Symbol: Br.
• It is the third-lightest halogen and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured gas.
• Its properties are thus intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine.

• Atomic number 17.
• Symbol Cl.
• Discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
• Second-lightest of the halogens.

The correct answer is Limestone.

Key Points

• Limestone is the main ingredient of cement.
  • Limestone is a sedimentary type of rock naturally found on earth.
  • Limestone rock primarily contains calcium carbonate i.e CaCO3.
  • Quartz, clay minerals, pyrite, siderite and feldspar etc. are other minerals found in limestone.
  • It is known by other names like- chalk, coquina, travertine, tufa, lithographic limestone. oolithic limestone etc.

The main ingredients of cement are as follows-

Additional Information 

Other uses of limestone-

The correct answer is Zn.

Key Points

• Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
• Atomic Number is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an element.
• It is used to determine the characteristics of an element and it is also referred to for placing an element in the Periodic Table.
• The Atomic Number of Zinc (Zn) is 30 whereas the Mass Number is 65 i.e. it has 35 neutrons.
• It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodic table.
• Zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions are of similar size.

Additional Information