National movement (1919 - 1947) MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for National movement (1919 - 1947) - Download Free PDF

• The statement, "If our goal is to take Mother India to new heights in the world, then the first condition for that is unity, peace, and harmony," is attributed to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, a prominent leader in India’s independence movement and the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of independent India.
• Sardar Patel, often referred to as the "Iron Man of India," is celebrated for his pivotal role in uniting the princely states to form a cohesive and unified India after independence in 1947.
• This quote reflects his vision for national integration, which he considered essential for India's progress, prosperity, and standing on the global stage.
• Patel's emphasis on unity and harmony aligns with his lifelong dedication to forging a united nation, overcoming regional, cultural, and political divides.

• Rationale: Mahatma Gandhi, known as the "Father of the Nation," was a key figure in India’s independence movement and an advocate for nonviolence and truth. While Gandhi often spoke about peace and harmony, this specific quote is not attributed to him.
• Gandhi’s philosophy emphasized the importance of self-reliance, nonviolent resistance, and communal harmony, but his quotes are distinct in tone and content from the one in question.

• Rationale: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, the principal architect of the Indian Constitution, was a champion of social justice and equality. His focus was on eradicating caste-based discrimination and ensuring equal rights for all citizens.
• While Ambedkar emphasized the need for unity and equality, his quotes usually addressed social reform and constitutional principles rather than national integration in the specific context of the given quote.

• Rationale: Subhas Chandra Bose, a prominent nationalist leader and founder of the Indian National Army (INA), is remembered for his fiery speeches and revolutionary ideas. His famous slogans include "Give me blood, and I will give you freedom" and "Jai Hind."
• The quote in question does not align with Bose’s revolutionary and militaristic approach to India’s independence struggle, which focused more on direct action than on unity and harmony.

• The quote underscores the importance of unity, peace, and harmony as prerequisites for a nation’s progress, a concept central to Sardar Patel’s vision for India. Among the given options, Sardar Patel is the correct attribution for this quote.
• His legacy as a unifier of India and a proponent of national integration makes him the most appropriate figure for this statement, distinguishing him from the other leaders listed.

The correct answer is: 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• Matching List-I with List-II
  • Khilafat Movement (A) - 1919-1920 (IV)
  • The Khilafat Movement was launched in 1919 and continued until 1920. It was a significant movement by Indian Muslims to protect the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I.
  • Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (B) - 1919 (III)
  • The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occurred on April 13, 1919. British troops under General Dyer fired on a peaceful gathering, leading to numerous deaths.
  • Kemal Ataturk (C) - Turkish ruler (II)
  • Kemal Ataturk was the founder of modern Turkey and its first President. He led reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular, modern nation-state.
  • Louis Fischer (D) - Mahatma Gandhi's biographer (I)
  • Louis Fischer was an American journalist and author who wrote an acclaimed biography of Mahatma Gandhi.

Incorrect Statements

• Option 1: (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
  • This option incorrectly matches Khilafat Movement with Mahatma Gandhi’s biographer and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre with Turkish ruler, which is not accurate.
• Option 2: (A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
  • This option incorrectly matches Khilafat Movement with Mahatma Gandhi’s biographer and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre with 1919-1920, which is not accurate.
• Option 3: (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
  • This option incorrectly matches Khilafat Movement with 1919 and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre with Mahatma Gandhi’s biographer, which is not accurate.

Hence, Option 4 is correct, and Options 1, 2, and 3 are incorrect.

Additional Information

• Khilafat Movement:
  • It was a pan-Islamist political protest campaign launched by Muslims in British India to influence the British government and protect the Ottoman Caliphate.
  • The movement collapsed by late 1920s after the abolition of the Caliphate by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.
• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre:
  • The massacre was a turning point in Indian history, leading to widespread anger and increased support for the Indian independence movement.
  • It exposed the brutality of British rule in India and had a profound impact on the Indian freedom struggle.
• Kemal Ataturk:
  • He implemented sweeping reforms in Turkey, including secularism, modernization of education, and adoption of Western legal systems.
  • Ataturk's policies profoundly influenced the development of modern Turkey.
• Louis Fischer:
  • Fischer's biography of Gandhi, titled "The Life of Mahatma Gandhi", is one of the most comprehensive accounts of Gandhi's life and philosophy.
  • His works provide valuable insights into Gandhi's thoughts and the Indian independence movement.

The correct answer is - A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Key Points

• Formation of Punjab Hindu Mahasabha - 1909
  • The Punjab Hindu Mahasabha was formed in 1909 as part of the larger Hindu nationalist movement in India.
  • This organization aimed to promote the interests and rights of Hindus in British India.
• First session of the All India Hindu Mahasabha - 1916
  • The All India Hindu Mahasabha held its first session in 1916 in response to growing concerns among Hindus about their political representation and rights.
  • The organization played a significant role in the Hindu nationalist movement.
• Founding of Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmedabad - 1915
  • Sabarmati Ashram was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1915 as a center for his activities related to the Indian independence movement.
  • The Ashram served as a site for various social and political experiments, including the promotion of non-violence and self-sufficiency.
• Founding of Satyagraha Sabha - 1919
  • The Satyagraha Sabha was established by Mahatma Gandhi in 1919 to protest against the Rowlatt Act, which allowed the British government to imprison people without trial.
  • This marked the beginning of widespread non-violent resistance in India.

Additional Information

• Punjab Hindu Mahasabha
  • A regional organization that became part of the larger All India Hindu Mahasabha.
  • Focused on addressing issues specific to Hindus in Punjab.
• All India Hindu Mahasabha
  • Played a crucial role in the political mobilization of Hindus during the British colonial period.
  • Advocated for the protection of Hindu interests and rights.
• Sabarmati Ashram
  • Located on the banks of the Sabarmati River in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
  • It was the residence of Mahatma Gandhi and a hub for his activities in the independence movement.
• Satyagraha Sabha
  • Founded to organize and coordinate non-violent protests against oppressive British laws.
  • Played a key role in the wider civil disobedience movement in India.

The correct answer is - Baba Gurdit Singh

Key Points

• Baba Gurdit Singh
  • Baba Gurdit Singh was a prominent figure in the "Komagata Maru" incident, which occurred in 1914.
  • The Komagata Maru was a Japanese steamship that carried 376 passengers, mostly Sikhs, from British India to Canada.
  • The Canadian government refused to allow the passengers to disembark, enforcing discriminatory immigration laws against Asians.
  • Baba Gurdit Singh chartered the ship to challenge these exclusionary laws and was a key leader in this episode.
  • The incident highlighted the racial discrimination faced by Indian immigrants and became a significant event in the history of Indian diaspora and the struggle for Indian independence.

Additional Information

• Kartar Singh
  • Kartar Singh Sarabha was a key figure in the Indian independence movement and a prominent member of the Ghadar Party.
  • He was involved in revolutionary activities against the British rule in India but was not directly associated with the Komagata Maru incident.
• Sardar Rana Singh
  • Sardar Rana Singh's contributions to Indian history are not well-documented in mainstream records related to the Komagata Maru incident.
• Lala Hardayal
  • Lala Hardayal was a prominent Indian nationalist and one of the founders of the Ghadar Party.
  • He played a significant role in promoting the cause of Indian independence but was not directly involved in the Komagata Maru episode.

The correct answer is - 26 January 1930

Key Points

• 26 January 1930
  • This date marks the first celebration of Independence Day by the Indian National Congress.
  • On this day in 1930, the Congress declared "Purna Swaraj" or complete independence from British rule.
  • Celebrations were held across the country to mark the occasion, and it was a significant step towards the eventual independence of India in 1947.
  • The declaration was made at the Lahore session of the Indian National Congress, under the presidency of Jawaharlal Nehru.

Additional Information

• 26 January 1946
  • This date is incorrect as it is not associated with any significant event related to the celebration of Independence Day by the Congress.
• 26 January 1947
  • This date is also incorrect. By 1947, India had gained independence on August 15, 1947, hence January 26, 1947, is not relevant in this context.
• 26 January 1950
  • This date is significant in Indian history as it marks the day when the Constitution of India came into effect, making India a republic. However, it is not related to the first celebration of Independence Day by the Congress.

• The statement, "If our goal is to take Mother India to new heights in the world, then the first condition for that is unity, peace, and harmony," is attributed to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, a prominent leader in India’s independence movement and the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of independent India.
• Sardar Patel, often referred to as the "Iron Man of India," is celebrated for his pivotal role in uniting the princely states to form a cohesive and unified India after independence in 1947.
• This quote reflects his vision for national integration, which he considered essential for India's progress, prosperity, and standing on the global stage.
• Patel's emphasis on unity and harmony aligns with his lifelong dedication to forging a united nation, overcoming regional, cultural, and political divides.

• Rationale: Mahatma Gandhi, known as the "Father of the Nation," was a key figure in India’s independence movement and an advocate for nonviolence and truth. While Gandhi often spoke about peace and harmony, this specific quote is not attributed to him.
• Gandhi’s philosophy emphasized the importance of self-reliance, nonviolent resistance, and communal harmony, but his quotes are distinct in tone and content from the one in question.

• Rationale: Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, the principal architect of the Indian Constitution, was a champion of social justice and equality. His focus was on eradicating caste-based discrimination and ensuring equal rights for all citizens.
• While Ambedkar emphasized the need for unity and equality, his quotes usually addressed social reform and constitutional principles rather than national integration in the specific context of the given quote.

• Rationale: Subhas Chandra Bose, a prominent nationalist leader and founder of the Indian National Army (INA), is remembered for his fiery speeches and revolutionary ideas. His famous slogans include "Give me blood, and I will give you freedom" and "Jai Hind."
• The quote in question does not align with Bose’s revolutionary and militaristic approach to India’s independence struggle, which focused more on direct action than on unity and harmony.

• The quote underscores the importance of unity, peace, and harmony as prerequisites for a nation’s progress, a concept central to Sardar Patel’s vision for India. Among the given options, Sardar Patel is the correct attribution for this quote.
• His legacy as a unifier of India and a proponent of national integration makes him the most appropriate figure for this statement, distinguishing him from the other leaders listed.

The correct chronological order is A, C, B, D, E.Key Points

• Atlantic Charter:
  • The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration issued by the United States and the United Kingdom in August 1941.
  • It outlined the goals and principles for a post-World War II world and served as the foundation for the United Nations.
  • However, it predates the other events mentioned.
• Japan's attack on the American Naval base at Pearl Harbor:
  • This event occurred on December 7, 1941, when the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the American naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
  • The attack prompted the United States to enter World War II.
• Announcement of the Organization of Indian Independence League at Bangkok:
  • The Organization of Indian Independence League was formed by Indian nationalist leader Subhas Chandra Bose with the support of the Japanese during World War II.
  • It was announced in Bangkok, Thailand, in 1942, after Japan's conquest of Southeast Asia.
  • This event follows Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.
• First division of I.N.A. with 16,300 soldiers was formed:
  • The Indian National Army (INA), also known as the Azad Hind Fauj, was formed by Subhas Chandra Bose in late 1942.
  • The first division of the INA, consisting of 16,300 soldiers, was formed after the announcement of the Organization of Indian Independence League.
• Battalion of I.N.A. captured Mowdok:
  • Mowdok is a place located in present-day Myanmar (formerly Burma).
  • The INA's capture of Mowdok occurred during their military operations in Burma, which took place from 1942 to 1945.

  • This event happened after the formation of the first division of the INA.

Therefore, the correct chronological order is A, C, B, D, E: Atlantic Charter, Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, Announcement of Organization of Indian Independence League at Bangkok, First division of I.N.A. formed, Battalion of I.N.A. captured Mowdok. 

The correct answer is "March 5, 1921".

Important Points: Mahatma Gandhi visited Madhya Pradesh a total of 10 times. They were:

The correct answer is - A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

Key Points

• Formation of Punjab Hindu Mahasabha - 1909
  • The Punjab Hindu Mahasabha was formed in 1909 as part of the larger Hindu nationalist movement in India.
  • This organization aimed to promote the interests and rights of Hindus in British India.
• First session of the All India Hindu Mahasabha - 1916
  • The All India Hindu Mahasabha held its first session in 1916 in response to growing concerns among Hindus about their political representation and rights.
  • The organization played a significant role in the Hindu nationalist movement.
• Founding of Sabarmati Ashram at Ahmedabad - 1915
  • Sabarmati Ashram was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in 1915 as a center for his activities related to the Indian independence movement.
  • The Ashram served as a site for various social and political experiments, including the promotion of non-violence and self-sufficiency.
• Founding of Satyagraha Sabha - 1919
  • The Satyagraha Sabha was established by Mahatma Gandhi in 1919 to protest against the Rowlatt Act, which allowed the British government to imprison people without trial.
  • This marked the beginning of widespread non-violent resistance in India.

Additional Information

• Punjab Hindu Mahasabha
  • A regional organization that became part of the larger All India Hindu Mahasabha.
  • Focused on addressing issues specific to Hindus in Punjab.
• All India Hindu Mahasabha
  • Played a crucial role in the political mobilization of Hindus during the British colonial period.
  • Advocated for the protection of Hindu interests and rights.
• Sabarmati Ashram
  • Located on the banks of the Sabarmati River in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
  • It was the residence of Mahatma Gandhi and a hub for his activities in the independence movement.
• Satyagraha Sabha
  • Founded to organize and coordinate non-violent protests against oppressive British laws.
  • Played a key role in the wider civil disobedience movement in India.

The correct answer is: 'Gopal Krishna Gokhle'

Key Points

• The Servants of India Society was founded by Gopal Krishna Gokhle in 1905.
  • This statement is correct.
  • Gopal Krishna Gokhle was a prominent moderate leader of the Indian National Congress, who believed in achieving social and political reforms through dialogue and constitutional means.
  • The Servants of India Society aimed to train and encourage people to dedicate their lives to the cause of the country.

Additional Information

• Gopal Krishna Gokhle:
  • He was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and a social reformer.
  • He was known for his moderate stance and efforts to promote social and political change through non-violent means.
  • Gokhle was also a mentor to Mahatma Gandhi and influenced his early political career.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak:
  • He was an Indian nationalist, teacher, and an independence activist who was one of the earliest and strongest advocates for Swaraj (self-rule).
  • Tilak was part of the extremist faction within the Indian National Congress and is often referred to as "Lokmanya," meaning "accepted by the people."
  • He played a key role in the Swadeshi Movement and the demand for immediate self-rule.
• Devendra Nath Tagore:
  • He was a leading figure of the Brahmo Samaj, a social-religious reform movement in India.
  • Though primarily known for his contributions to religious and social reform, he was not directly involved in the founding of political organizations like the Servants of India Society.
• Jyotiba Phule:
  • He was a social reformer and activist who worked tirelessly for the upliftment of the lower castes and women in India.
  • Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj (Society of Truth Seekers) to fight against the social injustices prevalent in Indian society.

The correct answer is: 'Option 4'.

Key Points

• Matching List-I with List-II
  • Khilafat Movement (A) - 1919-1920 (IV)
  • The Khilafat Movement was launched in 1919 and continued until 1920. It was a significant movement by Indian Muslims to protect the Ottoman Caliphate after World War I.
  • Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (B) - 1919 (III)
  • The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occurred on April 13, 1919. British troops under General Dyer fired on a peaceful gathering, leading to numerous deaths.
  • Kemal Ataturk (C) - Turkish ruler (II)
  • Kemal Ataturk was the founder of modern Turkey and its first President. He led reforms that transformed Turkey into a secular, modern nation-state.
  • Louis Fischer (D) - Mahatma Gandhi's biographer (I)
  • Louis Fischer was an American journalist and author who wrote an acclaimed biography of Mahatma Gandhi.

Incorrect Statements

• Option 1: (A) - (I), (B) - (II), (C) - (III), (D) - (IV)
  • This option incorrectly matches Khilafat Movement with Mahatma Gandhi’s biographer and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre with Turkish ruler, which is not accurate.
• Option 2: (A) - (I), (B) - (IV), (C) - (II), (D) - (III)
  • This option incorrectly matches Khilafat Movement with Mahatma Gandhi’s biographer and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre with 1919-1920, which is not accurate.
• Option 3: (A) - (III), (B) - (I), (C) - (IV), (D) - (II)
  • This option incorrectly matches Khilafat Movement with 1919 and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre with Mahatma Gandhi’s biographer, which is not accurate.

Hence, Option 4 is correct, and Options 1, 2, and 3 are incorrect.

Additional Information

• Khilafat Movement:
  • It was a pan-Islamist political protest campaign launched by Muslims in British India to influence the British government and protect the Ottoman Caliphate.
  • The movement collapsed by late 1920s after the abolition of the Caliphate by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.
• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre:
  • The massacre was a turning point in Indian history, leading to widespread anger and increased support for the Indian independence movement.
  • It exposed the brutality of British rule in India and had a profound impact on the Indian freedom struggle.
• Kemal Ataturk:
  • He implemented sweeping reforms in Turkey, including secularism, modernization of education, and adoption of Western legal systems.
  • Ataturk's policies profoundly influenced the development of modern Turkey.
• Louis Fischer:
  • Fischer's biography of Gandhi, titled "The Life of Mahatma Gandhi", is one of the most comprehensive accounts of Gandhi's life and philosophy.
  • His works provide valuable insights into Gandhi's thoughts and the Indian independence movement.

The correct answer is: '(C) A is false, but R is true.'

Key Points

• Assertion (A): The Indian National Army was initially founded to support the British in World War II.
  • This assertion is incorrect.
  • The Indian National Army (INA) was actually founded to fight against British colonial rule, not to support it. It was initially established by Captain Mohan Singh in 1942 with the support of the Japanese during World War II. Its primary goal was to achieve Indian independence through military means.
• Reason (R): The INA was established under the leadership of Subhas Chandra Bose to achieve Indian independence through armed struggle.
  • This reason is correct.
  • Subhas Chandra Bose took charge of the INA in 1943 and revitalized it, bringing renewed vigor and a clear mission of securing India’s independence through armed resistance.
  • Under his leadership, the INA expanded significantly and adopted the slogan "Chalo Dilli" (March to Delhi) as a rallying cry for its campaign.

Hence, Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. Option (C) is correct.

Additional Information

• Background of the Indian National Army (INA):
  • The INA was initially formed from Indian prisoners of war captured by the Japanese in Southeast Asia. It aimed to leverage the support of Indian soldiers who were willing to fight for India's freedom rather than serve the British.
  • Subhas Chandra Bose, who led the INA from 1943, provided strategic leadership and a clear ideological purpose to the army, aligning it with the broader anti-colonial struggle.
• Impact of the INA on the Freedom Movement:
  • Though the INA did not succeed militarily, its efforts inspired widespread nationalist sentiments within India.
  • The trials of INA soldiers in 1945–46 sparked significant public sympathy and further pressured the British government to consider Indian independence.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occurred on April 13, 1919, where British troops under General Dyer fired upon a peaceful gathering, resulting in a significant number of deaths and injuries.
• Non Cooperation Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 as a non-violent protest against British rule, urging Indians to boycott British goods and institutions.
• The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March, was initiated by Gandhi on March 12, 1930, as a non-violent protest against the British salt tax, covering a distance of 240 miles from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi.
• Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi on August 8, 1942, calling for an end to British rule in India with the slogan "Do or Die".