Flora and Fauna Distribution MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Flora and Fauna Distribution - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is coffee.

Key Points

• There are over 100 species of the genus Coffee in the world, and all are native to tropical Africa and some Indian Ocean islands.
• Two species, C. arabica and C. canephora, are commonly grown commercially.
  • Coffea canephora is commonly referred to as “robusta” and makes up about 25 to 40% of the coffee grown for consumption.
• Robusta grows in hotter (22 to 26ºC), more humid climates than arabica coffee (18–21ºC), and at lower elevations (from about 200 to 900 m).
• Robusta has a higher caffeine content (30 to 50% more) than arabica.
• Arabica coffee is self-pollinating, robusta requires cross-pollination by insects or wind.

Additional Information

•  Santos port in Brazil is known as "Coffee Port of the world".
• It is located in state of Sao Paulo.

The correct answer is Tropical Deciduous Forests.

Important Points

• Tropical deciduous forests are also called monsoon forests because the trees in these forests shed their leaves during the dry season and re-grow during the monsoon.

Key Points

• Tropical Evergreen Forests:
  • These types of forests are found in the equatorial and tropical regions with more than 200 cms annual rainfall.
  • The leaves of trees in such forests are very wide.
  • Example: Mahogany, Redwood, Palm, etc. 
• Tropical Deciduous Forests:
  • These are popularly known as monsoon forests.
  • The trees in these types of forests shed their leaves during the dry season and re-grow during the monsoon.
  • These types of forests receive rainfall in the range of 70-200 cms.
  • These types of forests are further classified as Moist Deciduous Forests and Dry Deciduous Forests.
• Montane Forests:
  • In these types of forests, vegetation varies according to altitude.
• Mangrove forests:
  • These are formed along the banks of river estuaries.
  • These are also called Tidal Forests.
  • Mangrove forests of Sundarbans are the largest mangrove forests in the world.  

The Correct answer is canopy layer.

Key Points

• The canopy layer is the second top layer of a rainforest.
• It consists of the thick leaves of tall trees that form a dense covering.
• This layer is crucial as it forms a roof over the lower layers, providing shade and shelter.
• The canopy is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including many species of birds, insects, and mammals.
• This layer plays a significant role in photosynthesis and the overall health of the rainforest ecosystem.
• It helps in regulating the climate by trapping heat and moisture, creating a humid environment.

 Additional Information

• understory layer
  • The understory layer is located below the canopy and consists of smaller trees and shrubs.
  • This layer receives limited sunlight due to the dense foliage of the canopy above.
  • It is home to shade-tolerant plants and various animal species that thrive in lower light conditions.
• emergent layer
  • The emergent layer is the topmost layer of the rainforest.
  • It consists of the tallest trees that rise above the canopy, reaching heights of up to 200 feet.
  • This layer receives the most sunlight and is exposed to strong winds.
• forest floor
  • The forest floor is the bottom layer of the rainforest.
  • It is covered with decomposing leaves, branches, and other organic matter.
  • This layer receives very little sunlight and is home to decomposers like fungi and bacteria.

The correct answer is Option 3

Key Points

• ​Bengal Fox: Primarily nocturnal. Bengal foxes are mostly active during the night or at dawn and dusk, avoiding the heat of the day. Hence, point 1 is correct.
• Indian Flying Fox: Nocturnal. The Indian flying fox (a species of bat) is strictly active after sunset, feeding on fruits at night. Hence, point 2 is correct.
• Sloth Bear: Mostly nocturnal. Sloth bears are typically active after sunset and at night, foraging for insects and fruits. Hence, point 3 is correct.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

• Nutria, a large, invasive rodent native to South America, has been causing significant damage to wetlands and agricultural areas in parts of the United States.
• To control their growing population, federal officials have launched a campaign encouraging people to consume nutria meat, promoting it as a sustainable food source.

Additional Information

• Spotted lanternfly: This invasive insect poses a threat to various crops and trees. Authorities are focusing on containment and eradication efforts, but there is no initiative promoting its consumption.​
• Feral pig: Feral pigs cause extensive agricultural damage and threaten native wildlife. Management strategies include hunting and trapping, but there is no widespread campaign encouraging their consumption.​
• Asian hornet: This invasive species preys on honeybees and poses risks to human health. Control measures involve nest destruction and monitoring, with no advisories promoting their consumption.​

The correct answer is Tropical Deciduous Forests.

Important Points

• Tropical deciduous forests are also called monsoon forests because the trees in these forests shed their leaves during the dry season and re-grow during the monsoon.

Key Points

• Tropical Evergreen Forests:
  • These types of forests are found in the equatorial and tropical regions with more than 200 cms annual rainfall.
  • The leaves of trees in such forests are very wide.
  • Example: Mahogany, Redwood, Palm, etc. 
• Tropical Deciduous Forests:
  • These are popularly known as monsoon forests.
  • The trees in these types of forests shed their leaves during the dry season and re-grow during the monsoon.
  • These types of forests receive rainfall in the range of 70-200 cms.
  • These types of forests are further classified as Moist Deciduous Forests and Dry Deciduous Forests.
• Montane Forests:
  • In these types of forests, vegetation varies according to altitude.
• Mangrove forests:
  • These are formed along the banks of river estuaries.
  • These are also called Tidal Forests.
  • Mangrove forests of Sundarbans are the largest mangrove forests in the world.  

The correct answer is coffee.

Key Points

• There are over 100 species of the genus Coffee in the world, and all are native to tropical Africa and some Indian Ocean islands.
• Two species, C. arabica and C. canephora, are commonly grown commercially.
  • Coffea canephora is commonly referred to as “robusta” and makes up about 25 to 40% of the coffee grown for consumption.
• Robusta grows in hotter (22 to 26ºC), more humid climates than arabica coffee (18–21ºC), and at lower elevations (from about 200 to 900 m).
• Robusta has a higher caffeine content (30 to 50% more) than arabica.
• Arabica coffee is self-pollinating, robusta requires cross-pollination by insects or wind.

Additional Information

•  Santos port in Brazil is known as "Coffee Port of the world".
• It is located in state of Sao Paulo.

The correct answer is Argentina.

Key Points 

• Pampas grasslands are situated in Argentina.
• Found mostly in the interior of the continent.
• Temperature varies greatly in winter and summer.
• Rainfall can vary from 25-75cm
• It doesn't have much diversity in vegetation or animals.
• Mostly, horses are found here.

Additional Information 

• Temperate grasslands around the world-
  • Pustaz - Hungary 
  • Prairies - North America 
  • Pampas - Argentina and Uruguay 
  • Veld - South Africa
  • Downs - Australia
  • Canterbury -  New Zealand
  • Steppe - Russia

The correct answer is Amazon.

Key Points

• The Amazon rainforest is the world's largest tropical rainforest.
• The Amazon is the world's largest rainforest.
• It is home to extra than 30 million human beings and one in ten recognized species on this planet.
• Top facts about the Amazon
  • The Amazon rainforest covers an enormous 6.7 million square kilometers.
  • 10% of all the world's wildlife is found in the Amazon. 
  • The Amazon is home to over 30 million people, including almost 3 million indigenous people.

Additional Information

• The Congo is the second biggest rainforest, subsequent to the Amazon. 
• The undisputed number one is probably the maximum famous forest on this planet, the South American Amazon.
• The 3 largest rainforests in the world
  • The Amazon.
  • The Congo Rainforest.
  • Bosawas Biosphere Reserve

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Rhinoceros. 

Key Points

• Kaziranga is a National Park in the Golaghat and Nagaon districts of Assam and is known for world's largest population of great one-horned rhinoceroses.
• Kaziranga National Park is the oldest park in Assam which covers an area of 430 sq km along the river Brahmaputra on the North and the Karbi Anglong hills on the South.
• Regarded as one of the finest wildlife refuges in the world it was declared as a National Park in 1974, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985, a Tiger Reserve since 2007 with one of the highest density of tiger in the country and an Important Bird Area by Birdlife International.
• It receives the highest legal protection and strong legislative framework under the provisions of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and Indian Forest Act, 1927/Assam Forest Regulation 1891.

Additional Information

• Flora and Fauna
  • It has been titled as a “Hotspot of Biodiversity” because of its rich diverse species and their omnipresence. 
  • The park is inhabited by major populations including 35 species of mammals, out of which 15 are considered as endangered species by the IUCN Red List.
  • Elephant, wild Asiatic water buffalo and swamp deer are found in abundance in the park which also shelters gaur and sambar. Fishing cat, leopards, jungle cat, small Indian mongoose, gray mongoose, hispid hare, golden jackal, bengal fox, sloth bear, civets, Chinese pangolin and Indian pangolins are other prominent animals found here.
  • It is also home to 479 species of migratory and resident birds out of which 25 are globally and 21 are locally threatened species, 42 species of reptile which includes the about to extinct species like King Corbra, Assam roofed turtle and gharial. The endangered Gangetic dolphins are sheltered in the floodplain of River Brahmaputra.
  • In addition to the grasslands (which includes tall elephant grass, short grasses and forests), it is also blessed with aquatic flora, including lotus, water lilies and water hyacinth. The array of charming flowers and some species of climbing plants add to the beauty and glory to the vegetation of the park.

The correct answer is Jute.

Key Points

• Jute is known as the Golden Fibre. That's an appropriate name for the yellowish-brown, shiny, natural vegetable fibre produced from plants of the Corchorus. 
• Geographical conditions for its cultivation
  • Jute grows well in well-drained fertile soils of the flood plains where the soil is renewed per annum.
  • High temperature is required during the time of growth.
  • It grows well on well-drained fertile soils in the flood plains.
  • Therefore,it is grown in West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Odisha, and Meghalaya.
• Uses
  • It is often used to manufacture gunny bags, mats, ropes, yams, carpets, and other artifacts. 

Additional Information

• Cotton is a natural fiber derived from cotton plants whose use dates back to the fifth millennium B.C.
• Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles.
• The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity.
• Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers composed of polyamides.
• Nylon is a thermoplastic silky material, generally made from petroleum, that can be melt-processed into fibers, films, or shapes.

The correct answer is 70 cm to 100 cm. 

Key Points

• Dry Deciduous forests are found in the cool climatic regions along with the coastal belts.
• Dry Deciduous Forests are found where rainfall is 70cm to 100cm.
• These are found in North-Eastern USA, North-Eastern China, Western Europe, New Zealand, and Southern Chile.
• Here the summers are warm and moist and winters are frosty.
• Trees like oak, ash, beech, maple, cherry, chestnut, walnut, etc are found.
• Racoons, foxes, deer, wolves and pandas are the common animal of these forests.

The correct answer is Japan. 

Key Points

• Japan has the highest percentage of its geographical area under forests.
• Still, forest areas cover 67 percent of Japan's total land area and agricultural lands 14 percent. Because of its mountainous topographical nature, a large part of Japan is still decorated with beautiful primitive and secondary forests.
• Brown bears, black bears, and Japanese deer trot in forests, and golden eagles, cranes, and herons glide in the blue sky. 
• Japanese flora is very abundant and diverse - more than 6,000 species of higher plants were identified due to the diversity of climatic conditions and geographical features. 

Additional Information

• The Greater Hinggan is the biggest and most important pine forest in China.
• China’s great topological and climatic diversity has produced a vast array of natural vegetation types. The country’s total number of seed-plant species is approximately 30,000, representing some 2,700 genera; more than 200 of these genera are endemic to China.
• According to the 2019 report, the country's total forest cover is 712,249 square kilometers (21.67 percent of India's total geographical area), slightly up from 708,273 sq. km (21.54 percent) in 2017. The country's tree cover is 95,027 sq. km (2.89 percent of the total area), slightly up from 93,815 sq.
• The forests of Indonesia are the third-largest tropical forests in the world. Tropical forests are one of the greatest biodiversity hotspots on Earth. Indonesia is home to 10% to 15% of all known plants, mammals, and birds on the planet.

• The Amazon is the world's largest rainforest. It's home to more than 30 million people and one in ten known species on Earth.
• The smallest forest on the list, Kakamega forest is just under 90 square miles. Although it is small now, it was once the largest old-growth forest in the world.
• The Daintree Rainforest is estimated to be 180 million years old, tens of millions of years older than the Amazon Rainforest.

The correct answer is Montane forests.

Key Points

• Montane Forest is an ecosystem found in mountains.it gets affected by colder climates at moderate elevations.
• The Alpine vegetation includes trees like silver fir, junipers, pines, and birches.they get progressively stunted as they approach the snowline, and through shrubs and scrubs, they merge into the Alpine grasslands.
• Between 1500 and 3000 meters, temperature forests contain coniferous trees like pine, deodar, and silver fir.
• They primarily cover the Southern slopes of the Himalayas, as well as high-altitude areas in southern and northeastern India.

Additional Information

• Montane forests can be found in high-altitude areas such as the Himalayas.
• Trees are conical in shape in these areas. 
• These are dense forests at moderate elevation, because of moderate temperatures and high rainfall dense mountain forests are common at moderate elevation.
• At higher elevations, the vegetation transformed into tundra or grasslands.

The correct answer is China.

Wild giant pandas are now found only in China.

• They are also known as Panda bear.
• The scientific name of the giant panda is Ailuripoda melanoleuca.
• They mostly eat leaves, stems, and shoots of various bamboo species, and they even eat other plants and meat.

Image of the wild giant panda