User Education MCQ Quiz in বাংলা - Objective Question with Answer for User Education - বিনামূল্যে ডাউনলোড করুন [PDF]

The Correct answer is Media Instruction:

Key Points

• Fleming (1990) defines user education “as various programs of instruction, education, and exploration provided by libraries to users to enable them to make more effective, efficient and independent use of information sources and services to which these libraries provide access”.
• The synonyms of user education are user orientation, library orientation program, library instruction, user instruction, Bibliographic Instruction, and information literacy are all one and the same.

Components or levels of User education:

• Library orientation:
  • ​Library orientation means ways of introducing the users to the general methods of usage and services and to the layout such as building and sections of the libraries, stacking arrangement, rules and regulations, and facilities available in a particular library.
• Library instruction:
  • ​Library instruction means to provide specific instruction on how to use and understand specific information sources, information systems, information services, and tools.
• Bibliographic Instruction:
  • These instructions aim to use the bibliographic tools, to provide guidance to understand the features of these tools and their nature of subject coverage. 

Additional Information

• Media Instruction can not be used interchangeably for user education as it refers to the process of providing guidance, education, or training related to media usage or production.

The correct answer is sociological evaluation;

Key Points

• The sociological evaluation method is used in the study, of changes in the structure of an organisation.
  • This type of evaluation makes use of interviews and questionnaires:
  • Attention is focused on the organisation undergoing the change, rather than on comparison with any control group. 
• Psychometric evaluation is based on the assumption that it is possible to expose experimental and control groups to different treatments, while all other variables are controlled, and to measure the changes by means of psychometric tests, achievement tests or attitude~ scales.
  • This evaluation procedure is concerned with measuring output in terms of pre-specified goals and no attention is paid to unexpected effects:
•  illuminative evaluation: The third type of evaluation has been called illuminative evaluation by Parlett and Hamilton.
  • ​It is not limited by the initial formulation or aims but allows the expression of unexpected result
  • This type of evaluation is not concerned so much with testing of an educational `programme, but with describing and understanding the conditions in which the programme works, and how the participants are affected by it.

Additional Information

• P B Knapp contributed to the systematic approach to user education.
• UNISIST promulgated the UNESCO General Information Programme (PGI) in 1975.
• The first international conference on Library User Education was held at Cambridge in 1979 with the theme `Library User Education: are new approaches needed?"
• Louis Shores brought in the concept of `Library Arts College.

The correct answer is "ACRL".

Key Points

• Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education -
  • It is a framework for assessing information-literate individuals.
  • It was formulated by the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL), in 2000 to help in developing an information literacy curriculum for an educational institution. 
  • The standards provide Performance Indicators (PI) and Outcomes for each standard.
  • The competencies presented in outline the process by which faculty, librarians, and others pinpoint specific indicators that identify a student as information literate.
  • In this competency Standard, there are 5 standards and 22 performance indicators for assessing student progress toward information literacy. They are-
    • Standard 1 - The information-literate student determines the nature and extent of information needed.
    • Standard 2 -  The information-literate student accesses the needed information effectively and efficiently.
    • Standard 3 - The information-literate student evaluates information and its sources critically and incorporates selected information into his or her knowledge base and value system.
    • Standard 4 - The information-literate student individually or as a member of a group, uses information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose.
    • Standard 5 - The information-literate student understands many of the economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of information and accesses and uses the information ethically and legally.

Additional Information

• AASL -
  • It stands for the American Association of School Librarians. 
  • It was established as a division of the American Library Association on January 1, 1951.
  • It is the only national professional membership organization focused on school librarians and the school library community.
  • It is aimed to empower leaders to transform teaching and learning.
• IFLA-​
  • It stands for The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions.
  • Founded on September 30, 1927, it is considered the Global Voice of the Library and Information Profession.
• SCONUL-
  • It stands for the "Society of College National and University Libraries (SCONUL)".
  • It is the membership organization for all the academic and national libraries in the UK and Ireland founded in 1950.
  • It gave the “The Seven Pillars of Information Literacy” model to spread information literacy among the higher education community. 
• ACRL-
  • ​It stands for the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL).
  • Founded in 1940, it is the largest division of the American Library Association.
  • It aims for academic and research librarians and libraries in advancing learning and transforming scholarship in higher education.

The correct answer is "None of the Above".

Key Points

• The psychometric method-
  • This method is based on the assumption that it is possible to expose experimental and control groups to different treatments.
  • This evaluation procedure is concerned with measuring output in terms of pre-specified goals and no attention is paid to unexpected effects.
• The sociological or management method-
  • ​This method is used in the study, of changes in the structure of an organization.
  • This type of evaluation makes use of interviews and questionnaires.
  • Attention is paid to the organization undergoing the change, rather than to comparison with any control group.
• The illuminative or responsive method-
  • This method is not limited by the initial formulation or aims but allows the expression of unexpected results.
  • This type of evaluation is not concerned so much with testing an educational program, but with describing and understanding the conditions in which the program works, and how the participants are affected by it.
  • In this method, Observational studies and explorative interviews are used to obtain the information.

Additional Information

• Evaluation of a User Education Program-
  • Evaluation of a user Education Program is concerned with the collection of information about the effects of an educational course or program on users.
  • The basic purpose of the evaluation is to collect and analyze information that can be used for rational decision-making.
  • It involves a comparison of observed effects with expectations or intentions.
• Method of Evaluation-
  • There are three methods that are normally used for evaluation purposes. They are:
    • The psychometric method,
    • The sociological or management method, and
    • The illuminative or responsive method.

The correct answer is "UNISIST".

Key Points

• UNISIST-
  • ​It stands for "United Nations International Scientific Information System".
  • It lays stress on promoting user education in the field of library science through workshops, seminars, etc.
  • UNESCO under the UNISIST Programme attempted to initiate user education programs in less developed countries.
• NISSAT- 
  • It stands for "National Information System in Science and Technology", established in 1977.
  • It aimed to interlink and coordinate the information resources, services, and systems available in the country.
  • The project was later closed in March 2002.
• AGRIS- 
  • It stands for "International System for Agriculture Science and Technology (AGRIS)".
  • It was started in 1974 by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations.
  • Its main aim is "to build an information, system in the field of agriculture science and technology and related subjects". 
• INIS-
  • It stands for "International Nuclear Information System".
  • It is operated by the "International Atomic Energy Association (IAEA)" in collaboration with 132 members.
  • It is an international cooperative information system providing worldwide coverage of the literature on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. 

Additional Information

• Library orientation, bibliographic instruction, and user education programs are interchangeable terms.
• They have been designed to serve the different needs of library users.

The correct answer is "i, ii, iii, and iv".

Key Points

• Users-
  • In Library Science ​words patron, client, member, reader, and customer are used to signify the concept of a user.
  • users are distinguishable according to the kind of activity in which they are engaged in are:
    a) researchers,
    b) practitioners and technicians engaged in developmental and/or operational activities
    c) managers, planners, and other decision-makers engaged in coordinating development activities 
  • Ranganathan has grouped users, on the basis of types of services into -
    • freshman
    • ordinary inquirer
    • specialist inquirer
    • general reader

The correct answer is "Paul Zurkowski".

Key Points

• Paul Zurkowski-
  • ​The concept of Information Literacy was first developed by Paul Zurkowski in 1974.
  • He was the president of the Software and Information Industry Association at the time. 
• Louis Shores-
  • He is recognized for his work on the integration of audiovisual materials into library collections.
  • He worked for the promotion of the library as the center of all learning.
  • He brought the concept of "Library Arts College".
• ALA-
  • It stands for American Library Association founded in 1876.
  • It is the oldest and largest library association in the world.
  • ALA defined Information Literacy in 1989 stating that “to be IL, a person must be able to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information".
• Petricia B. Knapp-
  • He introduced the concept of "systematic use of user education" in 1964.
  • The concept attempted to "explore methods of developing a more vital relationship between the library and college teaching".

Additional Information

•  Information Literacy-
  • Information Literacy is the ability to access, evaluate, organize and use information to learn, problem-solve and make decisions.
  • Christine Susan Bruce developed the seven stages of Information Literacy in his journal "Seven Faces of Information Literacy" published in 1997.

The correct answer is "(a) - (iv), (b) - (iii), (c) - (ii), (d) - (i)".

Key Points

• The Seven Faces of Information Literacy-
  • Christine Susan Bruce developed the seven stages of Information Literacy in his journal "Seven Faces of Information Literacy" published in 1997.
  • The seven faces of Information Literacy developed by Bruce are"
    1. The IT Experience
    2. The information source's experience
    3. The information process experience
    4. The information control experience
    5. The knowledge construction experience
    6. The knowledge extension experience
    7. The wisdom experience
• 8 WS Model-
  • This model was formulated by Annete Lamb in the 1990s.
  • This is a project-based model which extends opportunities to the students to explore their own and learn the complexities of information literacy.
  • It includes 8 steps given below-
    • watching
    • wondering
    • webbing
    • wiggling
    • weaving
    • wrapping
    • waving
    • wishing
• PLUS-
  • The PLUS model was developed by James Herring and published in 1996.
  • This model incorporates basic elements of information literacy skills and adds emphasis on thinking skills and self-evaluation.
  • In PLUS  "P" stands for "Purpose, "L" stands for Location, "U" stands for Use, and "S" stands for "Self-evaluation".
• SAUCE-
  • This model was initially developed by "Trevor Bond" in the year 1999.
  • This is a kind of tool which develops an understanding of users and trains them to search for required information effectively.

The Correct answer is Illuminative evaluation.

Key Points

• Methods of Evaluation of User education Programmes:
  • ​Evaluation serves three primary methods: psychometric, sociological or management, and illuminative or responsive.
    • ​The psychometric approach:
      • ​The psychometric approach operates on the assumption that exposing experimental and control groups to different treatments allows for measurement using psychometric tests, achievement tests, or attitude scales.
      • In this method, both groups undergo pre-tests and post-tests, aiming to establish significant differences in performance without focusing on unexpected effects.
      • The comparison involves an experimental group exposed to a new course, while a control group follows the traditional course, ensuring comparability in all other aspects.
    • The sociological evaluation:
      • The sociological evaluation method concentrates on studying changes within an organization's structure.
      • It employs interviews and questionnaires, emphasizing the organization undergoing change rather than making comparisons with a control group.
    • Illuminative evaluation:
      • In illuminative evaluation, also known as responsive evaluation, there is flexibility beyond initial formulation or aims.
      • This method permits the expression of unexpected results, prioritizing the actual implementation of an innovation as the critical aspect of the study.
      • Research centers on understanding what happens in response to the innovation, emphasizing description and comprehension of the conditions in which the program operates.
      • Observational studies and explorative interviews are the key tools for gathering information in this approach.

The Correct answer is 4.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi’s nonviolent communication as a model of media literacy to counter the effects of media violence:
  • ​Feilitzen et al. (2000), in their discussion on the impact of media violence, suggest potential influences such as imitation, acquiring tips and models on the use of violence, aggression, environmental factors, biased perceptions of violence in society, and habituation to media violence.
  • They also highlight the possibility that, for certain individuals, exposure to media violence may contribute to feelings of fear, misconceptions about real violence, and perceptions of threatening surroundings, potentially leading to destructive aggression in crises.
  • According to Borde (1995), Mahatma Gandhi’s nonviolent communication theory consists of four theoretical units:
    • nonviolent speech and action;
    • maintenance of relationships and enrichment of personhood;
    • openness;
    • flexibility.
  • According to him, the theory of nonviolent communication means flexibility and openness to achieving the end.
  • Gonsalves (2010), in his discussion on Gandhi's communication approach, emphasizes that Gandhi's underlying principle in engaging with opponents during conflicts is to maintain open channels of communication, avoid intimidation, and eliminate obstacles to dialogue.
  • According to Gonsalves, this approach requires both a well-planned strategy of social interaction and a disciplined personal attitude.
  • From Gonsalves's perspective, Gandhi's method of communication appears strategic, well-planned and focused on nonviolent conflict resolution.

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