Your Total Savings ₹11050 How does a transformer work step-by-step?
Alternating current in the primary winding produces an alternating magnetic flux. This changing flux induces an alternating voltage in the secondary winding through electromagnetic induction. The induced voltage can be increased or decreased depending on the turn's ratio between windings. No direct electrical connection exists between primary and secondary.
What is the voltage transformation equation in a transformer?
The voltage transformation ratio is equal to the ratio of the number of turns in the primary (Np) to the number of turns in the secondary (Ns). Voltage Transformation Ratio (Vtr) = Vp/Vs = Np/Ns Where, Vp and Vs are the voltages of the primary and secondary windings respectively.
What is the purpose of using an iron-core in a transformer?
An iron core (usually made of laminated silicon steel) concentrates magnetic flux and improves coupling between the primary and secondary windings. This enhances the power transfer capability while reducing the physical size of the transformer compared to an air-core design. Iron's high magnetic permeability helps maximize flux linkage between coils.
What is the difference between an isolation transformer and a common transformer?
An isolation transformer provides galvanic isolation between its primary and secondary circuits to prevent passage of DC or unwanted frequencies. It contains a grounded metal shield between coils for added safety. A common transformer lacks isolation and can allow DC or other frequencies to couple between windings under certain fault conditions.
What is the role of a transformer in electricity transmission and distribution?
Transformers play an indispensable role in stepping up transmission voltages to reduce line current and transmission losses over long distances. Step-down transformers are then used in substations and distribution lines to lower transmission voltages to usable domestic/industrial levels safely for end consumers.