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Home / IAS Preparation / The e-Shram Portal

eSHRAM Portal - Overview, Objectives, Features, Eligibility, Advantages And More!

Last Updated on Jan 08, 2024
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Launched in 2021, the e-Shram portal is a game-changer for India's vast unorganised workforce. This national database aims to create a central platform for over 40 crore informal workers. This includes construction workers, street vendors, domestic workers, and more. By registering on the portal, these individuals gain access to a plethora of benefits and opportunities.

This topic is important from the perspective of the UPSC IAS Examination, which falls under General Studies Paper 2 (Mains) and General Studies Paper 1.

This article delves into the intricacies of the e-Shram Portal, its benefits, features, and eligibility criteria, shedding light on how it stands to revolutionize the lives of unorganized workers.

Learn more about the 100-Day Urban Employment Guarantee Scheme!

What is eShram Portal?

eShram is a groundbreaking national database launched by the Ministry of Labour and Employment. It is to empower India's vast unorganized workforce exceeding 40 crore individuals. This central platform allows construction workers, street vendors, domestic workers, and others to register seamlessly using their Aadhaar cards. It grants them access to social security schemes, skill development programs, and financial inclusion opportunities. 

Key Details of the e-Shram Portal

Here are some vital details about the e-Shram Portal:

  • Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Labour and Employment
  • Launch Date: August 26, 2021
  • Minister for Labour and Employment (August 2021): Shri Bhupender Yadav

Who are Unorganized Workers?

"Unorganized workers" in the context of eShram encompass over 40 crore individuals in India who engage in non-agricultural occupations within the informal sector. This diverse group includes construction workers, street vendors, domestic workers, rickshaw pullers, and home-based laborers. They typically lack formal employment contracts, social security benefits, and guaranteed minimum wages. This makes them vulnerable to economic instability and limited access to opportunities.

Read the linked article for the UPSC Exam to learn more about the labour laws in India!

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Objectives of the e-Shram Portal

The e-Shram Portal is driven by a set of ambitious objectives:

  • Centralized Database: Creation of a comprehensive database encompassing various categories of unorganized workers, facilitating efficient welfare delivery.
  • Improved Implementation: Streamlining the implementation of social security services to ensure effective coverage of the unorganized workforce.
  • Portability: Offering portability of benefits to workers who often move across regions for work.
  • Crisis Management: Providing crucial data to tackle national crises like pandemics effectively.
  • Stakeholder Collaboration: Enabling seamless information sharing among Ministries, Departments, Boards, Agencies, and Organizations at the central and state levels.

Read the linked article for the UPSC Exam to learn more about the Informal sector!

Eligibility Criteria for e-Shram Portal

To register on the e-Shram Portal, workers must meet specific eligibility criteria:

  • Age between 16 and 59 years.
  • Not a member of EPFO/ESIC or NPS.

Read the linked article for the UPSC Exam to learn more about the Difference Between Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Sectors!

Features of the eShram Portal

Here are the key features of the eShram Portal:

  • eShram Portal is a national database of unorganised workers including migrant workforce, construction workers, gig and platform workers, etc.
  • It aims to build a comprehensive National Database of Unorganized Workers (NDUW) in the country.
  • It was launched by the Union Minister for Labour and Employment on August 26, 2022.
  • It facilitates the online registration of workers in the unorganized sectors. Any worker can self-register through Common Service Centres (CSCs), State Seva Kendras, NRLM community cadres, etc.
  • The registration is free of cost and simple. Workers need not go through any documents for registration. They just need to provide basic details such as name, occupation, mobile number, Aadhar, etc.
  • Aadhar based authentication is used to ensure no duplication. After registration, an eShram card is issued having a unique Universal Account Number (UAN).
  • The card serves the purpose of proof of registration. It helps workers avail different social security schemes of the government whenever needed.
  • Convergence with other platforms, such as PM-SYM, PMJJBY, PMSBY, AAWAS, etc., is planned for extending the benefits of various welfare schemes to workers.
  • The portal is helpful in the assessment of the demands of the unorganized workforce and planning for the development of schemes for their welfare.

Read the linked article for the UPSC Exam to learn more about the textile sector in India!

Benefits of the e-Shram Card

The e-Shram Card, a unique identifier for registered unorganized workers, brings forth a range of benefits:

  • Registration of 38 crore unorganized workers, fostering inclusion and recognition.
  • Linkage to social security schemes, ensuring access to welfare measures.
  • Accidental insurance cover of Rs 2.0 Lakh for registered workers, covering death, permanent disability, and partial disability.
  • Provision of a unique Universal Account Number (UAN) for each worker, enabling seamless access to social security schemes through the e-Shram Card.
  • Portability of benefits, particularly advantageous for migrant and construction workers.
  • Enhanced efficiency in the implementation of social security services for unorganized workers.

Know more on PM Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojna here!

A Step Towards Empowerment

The e-Shram Portal comes as a result of the Supreme Court's directive to register unorganized workers for welfare benefits. This digital platform ensures that those in the unorganized sector can readily access social welfare schemes and even avail the accidental insurance policy provided by the government. The e-Shram Portal, a symbol of inclusivity and progress, promises to uplift the lives of countless unorganized workers, marking a significant stride towards a more equitable society.

Other Initiatives Towards Unorganised Sector in India

Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM)

The Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM) scheme is a pension scheme for unorganised workers. It provides a monthly pension of ₹3,000 to workers aged 60 and above who have contributed for at least 20 years. The scheme is funded by a 12% contribution from the worker and an equal contribution from the government.

Labour Code

The Labour Code is a set of four labour laws that are being consolidated into a single code. The code aims to improve the working conditions and social security of workers in the unorganised sector. The code includes provisions for minimum wages, overtime pay, maternity benefits, and social security schemes.

Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY)

The Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY) scheme provides financial help to employers who hire new workers. The scheme provides a subsidy of ₹12,000 per worker for the first three years of employment.

PM SVANidhi: Micro Credit Scheme for Street Vendors

The PM SVANidhi scheme provides micro-loans to street vendors. The loans are provided at a subsidized interest rate of 8%. The scheme aims to help street vendors improve their businesses and increase their income.

Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan

The Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan is a government initiative to promote self-reliance. The initiative includes many measures that are aimed at helping unorganised workers.

Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana National Urban Livelihoods Mission

The Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) is a government scheme. It provides skill training and employment opportunities to the urban poor. The scheme also provides support for micro-enterprises and self-employment.

PM Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana (PMGKAY)

The PM Garib Kalyan Ann Yojana (PMGKAY) is a government scheme that provides food grains at subsidized prices to poor households. The scheme is aimed at providing food security to unorganised workers and their families.

One Nation One Ration Card

The One Nation One Ration Card (ONORC) scheme allows beneficiaries to use their ration cards at any fair price shop across the country. The scheme is aimed at making it easier for unorganised workers to access subsidized food grains.

Atmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana

The Atmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana (ABRY) is a government scheme. It provides financial help to states and union territories to create jobs. The scheme is aimed at creating 10 million jobs in the next two years.

Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi

The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme provides ₹6,000 per year to eligible farmers. The scheme is aimed at providing financial help to farmers and improving their livelihoods.

World Bank Support to India’s Informal Working Class

The World Bank is providing financial support to India to improve the lives of unorganised workers. The support includes funding for programs that provide social security, skill development, and financial inclusion opportunities.

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e-Shram Portal FAQs

No, the e-Shram Portal is open for registration to workers aged between 16 and 59 years.

The e-Shram Card provides a Universal Account Number (UAN) that allows registered workers to access welfare benefits irrespective of their location, ensuring portability.

Yes, registered workers can update their details, ensuring accurate and up-to-date information.

Yes, domestic workers who meet the eligibility criteria can register on the e-Shram Portal.

No, the portability of benefits ensures that registered workers can access welfare schemes across states, making it convenient for migrant workers.
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