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Home / IAS Preparation / Central Vista Redevelopment Project

Central Vista Redevelopment Project - Facts About New Parliament Of India

Last Updated on Jan 24, 2024
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Central Vista Redevelopment Project envisions redeveloping Central Vista, India’s central administrative area located near Raisina Hill, New Delhi, as a world-class public area, restoring its magnificence as an architectural symbol, housing contemporary administrative facilities, enhancing cultural institutions, and marking the 75th anniversary of Indian independence. The Supreme Court granted the Central Vista Redevelopment Project permission to proceed on January 5, 2021. The initial design of the Central Vista Development/Redevelopment Master Plan incorporated robust geometry, impressive symmetry, and a meticulously planned processional route, including an axis, focal points, nodes, and termination. The proposed Master Plan seeks to reinstate the original symmetry and order, while also preserving the heritage of the buildings and spaces.

Source: MoHUA

In this article, we will cover the Central Vista Redevelopment Project in detail and some of the key highlights of the project. Central Vista Redevelopment Project is one of the important topics of the UPSC IAS exam.

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Recent Update on the New Parliament Building
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi revealed the national insignia that would be displayed atop the new Parliament building. The special ceremony was attended by Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla and Union Housing Minister Hardeep Puri.
  • Sunil Deore and Lakshman Vyas, artists, created metal sculptures in Aurangabad, Jaipur, and Delhi.
  • The previous design featured a spire atop the building, which was replaced in 2020 with the Ashoka Emblem.
  • The new Parliament, which will be ground plus a two-story triangular-shaped structure, is projected to be finished by the Winter Parliament session.
  • The new Parliament was supposed to be crowned with a spire. However, that was scrapped in favor of the design of the Ashoka emblem.
  • The center foyer has been called Constitution Hall since it will house the Constitution for public viewing. A library will also be built at the main entrance.
  • The concept sketch and process of casting the national insignia on the roof of the new Parliament building went through eight stages of preparation, beginning with clay modeling/computer graphics and ending with bronze casting and polishing.

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What is Central Vista?

Central Vista is a 3.2-kilometer length in Delhi that includes the Rashtrapati Bhawan, Parliament House, North and South Blocks, India Gate, and the National Archives, among other things. All of these prominent structures were built before 1931, when the new capital was inaugurated. The Central Vista Redevelopment Project is the government’s intention to create a new parliament building near the present one. The project's objective is to enhance the governance infrastructure through the construction of new structures for India's Parliament and the creation of an effective and environmentally sustainable Central Secretariat to accommodate all the ministries of the Government of India.

What is the Central Vista Redevelopment Project?

The Central Vista Redevelopment Project is a government initiative to redevelop the Central Vista. It is India's central administrative area located near Raisina Hill, New Delhi. The area was originally designed by Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker during British colonial rule. It was retained by the Government of India after independence.

History of Central Vista Redevelopment Project

  • The history of the Central Vista Redevelopment Project can be traced back to the early 2000s. This was when the Government of India began to explore ways to modernize Central Vista.
  • In 2011, the government appointed a committee to study the feasibility of redeveloping Central Vista. The committee submitted its report in 2012. It recommended many changes, including:
    • The construction of a new Parliament building and Central Secretariat, 
    • the renovation of the North Block and South Block, and 
    • the creation of new public spaces.
  • In 2019, the government approved the Central Vista Redevelopment Project. The project is being implemented by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) at an estimated cost of ₹20,000 crore.

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Objectives of the Central Vista Redevelopment Project
  • The Central Vista Redevelopment Plan is intended to address the current and future space demands of the Parliament, Ministries, and Departments, as well as to provide better public facilities, amenities, and parking facilities, among other things.
  • The renovation project is being planned in response to concerns about fire safety, acoustics, and the deteriorating condition of the century-old structure.
  • Under this ambitious plan, a new Parliament building will be completed by July 2022, and a shared Central Secretariat will be established by March 2024.
  • The Parliament’s strength is planned to rise from 545 to 900 seats after this project is done.
  • The project also intends to increase Central Vista’s beauty in order to make it a world-class tourist attraction.

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Need to revamp Central Vista
  • Inadequate Parliamentary facilities and infrastructure to satisfy present demand.
  • The Central Government’s offices are dispersed around the country, affecting inter-departmental cooperation and causing unnecessary travel, resulting in congestion and pollution.
  • The vast majority of existing structures have outlived their structural lifetimes.

New Parliament Building
  • It will be three times the size of the current 93-year-old heritage structure.
  • It is expected to feature a triangle shape with a built-up area of 65,000 sq.m. and will be completed in 2022, in time for the 75th anniversary of the country’s independence and the Global G-20 meeting.

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Arguments in Favour of the Central Vista Project
  • In the 75th year of independence (2022), Parliament will meet in the new facility, and about 1,224 MPs will be able to sit together.
  • It will be larger and more earthquake resistant than the old Parliament building (APPROX 17,000 sq km)
  • Unnecessary travel causes congestion and pollution since the Central Government’s offices are dispersed across the country, affecting inter-departmental cooperation.
  • The structural life of the majority of the existing buildings had expired.
  • Technology and infrastructure are changing, and we must adapt to these changes.

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Major Concerns Highlighted

Transparency is Lacking

  • The entire topic of the Central Vista redevelopment has been developed in secrecy and opacity.
  • Several important clearances for the projected Parliament building were hurried through during the lockdown, prompting accusations of lack of transparency.

Clearance of the Environment

  • Many opponents and environmentalists express worries about the lack of studies to determine the project’s need and its impact on the environment, traffic, and pollution.

Financial Strain

  • The ambitious project, which would cost Rs 20,000 crore, comes at a time when the country is dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic and is facing a severe economic crisis.
  • The inability of public health institutions to handle the growing number of coronavirus cases has underlined the constraints of investing in infrastructure projects at the expense of the health sector.

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Significance of the Central Vista Redevelopment Project
  • The current Parliament building is 85 years old and has insufficient room to house lawmakers and their employees.
  • It has structural difficulties and should be maintained because of its legacy; it is an important attraction for tourists who visit the country.
  • The new Parliament building will feature high-quality acoustics and audio-visual facilities, as well as enhanced and more comfortable seating arrangements, effective and inclusive emergency evacuation plans, and high-level security for members.
  • Central Vista is a key component of sovereignty and pride, as well as a location where inhabitants can enjoy recreational opportunities.

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Supreme Court’s Verdict on the Central Vista Project

The government did not violate the public trust – The Court stated that it could not require the government to refrain from spending money on one project in order to utilize it for another, and it also stated that the government did not violate the public trust.

There was no “radical” change in land usage as a result of the project – The majority ruling (two judges out of a three-judge bench) ruled that the project did not include any “radical” change in land use and that the anticipated landscape modification would not limit “recreational places” for the public.

  • The majority opinion found that the exercise of the Centre’s jurisdiction to change the land use under Section 11A(2) of the Delhi Development Authority Act 1957 was “just and proper” and that the environmental clearance was lawful.
  • The proposed adjustments fully align with the Master Plan’s vision, including the Zonal Plan, and Section 11A(1) of the Delhi Development Authority Act 1957 authorizes the Authority to make amendments to the Master Plan or the Zonal Plan.
  • The court, however, took note of the objections made about the proposed location of the new Parliament, which is adjacent to the old Parliament House.
  • It stated that the HCC could evaluate the request in conformity with the legislation.
  • The right to development is a core human right, and no organ of the state is anticipated to become a hindrance in the development process as long as the government follows the law.
  • The Supreme Court ruled that if the government has not already received “prior permission” from the designated Authority, it must do so before beginning actual development/redevelopment work.

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Central Vista Redevelopment Project – FAQs

The Central Vista Redevelopment Project is the government's intention to create a new parliament building near the present one.

In general, a modern parliament serves three purposes, it represents the electorate, it makes laws, and it oversees the government through hearings and probes.

The Central Vista project is a critical national initiative in which Parliament's sovereign powers will be carried out.

Yes, Central Vista will be open to the public soon.

The major Cental Vista project includes the construction of a new Parliament House and a new residential complex for the prime minister and vice president. It will also have new office buildings and a Central Secretariat to house the offices of numerous ministries.

The Parliament House was designed by both Lutyens and Baker.
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