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Home / UPSC Editorials / India & Pakistan Renew the Kartarpur Corridor Agreement

India & Pakistan Renew the Kartarpur Corridor Agreement | UPSC Editorials

Last Updated on Oct 24, 2024
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The renewal of the Kartarpur Corridor agreement between India and Pakistan marks a significant milestone in the complex and often strained relationship between the two countries. The corridor represents peace and religious harmony since it provides Indian Sikh pilgrims with visa-free access to one of their holiest sites in the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Kartarpur, Pakistan. In point of fact, the accord was inked on October 24, 2019, and has now been extended for five years. It ensures uninterrupted access of Sikh pilgrims to that sacred site.

Analysis based on 

Editorial Kartarpur Corridor: India, Pakistan renew pact for another five years published in The Indian Express on October 23rd, 2024

Topics for UPSC Prelims

Sikhism, Guru Nanak Dev, Guru Granth Sahib, Bhakti Movement

Topics for UPSC Mains

India-Pakistan Relations

About the Kartarpur Corridor Agreement

The Kartarpur Corridor agreement is a bilateral agreement between India and Pakistan under which Indian Sikh pilgrims may visit the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib, located in Kartarpur, Pakistan, without a visa. It is the last resting abode of Guru Nanak Dev, the founder of Sikhism, so this gurdwara holds colossal spiritual significance. The Kartarpur Corridor is a 4-kilometer-long path that links Dera Baba Nanak in India's Punjab with Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Pakistan's Punjab.

The agreement signed on 24 October 2019 is the product of sustained diplomatic efforts from both sides and healthy dialogues. Specific terms have been set regarding the operation and management of the corridor by providing security, infrastructural, and logistical support. This formulates one of the most prominent steps taken to increase people-to-people contact and religious tourism.

Read the article on the Teachings of Sikhism!

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About the Kartarpur Corridor

The Kartarpur Corridor is the most important cross-border initiative, linking Dera Baba Nanak in India's Punjab to Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Pakistan's Punjab.

The 4-kilometer-long corridor opened in November 2019 allows Indian Sikh pilgrims to travel visa-free to one of their holiest sites: the final resting place of Guru Nanak Dev, founder of Sikhism. The corridor underlines the importance of religious freedom and cultural ties above the lines of politics as a shining example of peace and mutual coexistence between two erstwhile bitter neighbors, India and Pakistan. This project does not just fulfill a long-pending demand of the Sikh community but also turns out to be an example of the potential of people-to-people connectivity for creating regional harmony.

Significance of the Kartarpur Corridor

The Kartarpur Corridor is important for several reasons:

  • Religious and Cultural Significance: To the Sikhs, Gurdwara Darbar Sahib in Kartarpur was like a pilgrimage to Mecca for the Muslims. The corridor will take people directly to that shrine and will therefore strengthen the cultural and religious ties of the Sikhs around the world.
  • Symbol of Peace and Diplomacy: Compared to the prolonged mistrust and hostility at the hands of India and Pakistan, the formation and survival of the corridor is a testament to an extremely exceptional occurrence of cooperation and good will. It speaks for peaceful co-existence and cooperation even amidst political rivalry.
  • Facilitator of People-to-People Ties: The corridor can have greater ability to facilitate people-to-people relations between the two nations' peoples; this is necessary for mutual trust-building and overcoming stereotypes and animosities.
  • Economic Benefits: There would be regional tourism benefits and local economy boosts on both sides of the border. For Pakistan, it would attract international visitors with all associated economic benefits, while for India, it enhances connectivity and access to holy sites by its citizens.

Read the article on the Difference Between Bhakti and Sufi Movements!

Why is the Renewal of the Kartarpur Corridor Agreement Significant?

At the present geopolitical juncture, the renewal of the Kartarpur Corridor deal is especially important for a number of reasons:

  • Uninterrupted Access to Pilgrims: The extension will ensure that Indian Sikh pilgrims continue with uninterrupted access to the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib to fulfill their spiritual and religious aspirations.
  • Diplomatic Engagement: This can be taken as a gesture to keep diplomatic channels open and is reflective of the fact that at least there is an attempt to keep the agreement renewed amidst such tensions.
  • Humanitarian Gesture: There is also a humanitarian significance to this effort. The period is marked by geopolitics and humanitarian crises all over the world. Thus, the renewal cannot but be regarded as a positive humanitarian gesture emphasizing shared cultural and historical ties rather than political divides.
  • Foundation for Future Cooperation: Effective management and operation of the corridor can open up a new precedent for cooperation in other areas, creating regional peace and stability.

Read the article on the India-Pakistan Conflict!

Bhakti Movement and Sikhism

To understand the larger context, the reader needs to enter the Bhakti Movement and the rise of Sikhism. The Bhakti Movement, originating from southern India in the 8th century, was a spiritual revolution against the rituals and orthodoxy of traditional Hinduism. It developed devotion towards a personal god and equality with preference to love and social justice.

About Guru Nanak Dev

Guru Nanak Dev (1469-1539), the founder of Sikhism, was one of the Bhakti Movement's most prominent figures. Born at Talwandi, now Nankana Sahib in Pakistan, the message of the Gurus has a universal appeal of love, unity, and equality. Guru Nanak traveled far and wide canvassing his message of Ek Onkar, One God, and laying the foundations for Sikhism. He spent his last years at Kartarpur, which he used to establish the foundation of that community that became the Sikh Panth.

Read the article on Sir Creek Dispute!

Significance of the Gurdwara Darbar Sahib

About 5 km from Dera Baba Nanak, Gurdwara Darbar Sahib is situated at the place where Guru Nanak spent the final 18 years of his life. It happens to be one place marked by deep spirituality and history for Sikhs, which embodies the legacy and teachings of Guru Nanak. Thousands of pilgrims visit the gurdwara every year, and its access through the Kartarpur Corridor strengthens the spirituality of Sikhs toward their heritage.

Read the article on the Right to Freedom of Religion!

Conclusion

The Kartarpur Corridor is, therefore, a shining example of the strength of diplomacy and spiritual heritage with which Guru Nanak Dev will always be associated. Renewed for five more years, it once again brings hope that India and Pakistan can have more constructive engagements with each other. Challenges remain, but the corridor is an example of the possibility of peace and cooperation in a part of the world increasingly defined by discord. Kartarpur Corridor can serve as a beacon for a peaceful and prosperous South Asia by cultivating religious harmony, facilitating people-to-people ties, and opening up economic opportunities. Its importance extends beyond borders as an exemplar model of the resolution of conflicts through shared heritage and mutual respect. 

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UPSC Previous Year Questions

Year

Question

2023

What were the major teachings of Guru Nanak? Explain their relevance in the contemporary world.

2015

Terrorist activities and mutual distrust have clouded India – Pakistan relations. To what extent the use of soft power like sports and cultural exchange could help generate goodwill between the two countries? Discuss with suitable examples.

UPSC Practice Questions

Q1. Discuss the significance of the Kartarpur Corridor for India-Pakistan relations. How does it serve as a symbol of cultural diplomacy and religious harmony between the two countries?

Q2. Analyze the geopolitical and strategic implications of the Kartarpur Corridor. What are the potential security challenges, and how can both countries address these concerns while maintaining the corridor's humanitarian objectives?

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