Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the pH scale?

I. The pH of a neutral solution is 7.

II. Values more than 7 on the pH scale represent an acidic solution.

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DFCCIL Executive CBT1 Civil 25 Aug 2023 Shift 3 Official Paper
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  1. Only I
  2. Only II 
  3. Both I and II
  4. Neither I nor II 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Only I
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

  • The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where 7 is considered neutral.
  • The pH of a neutral solution, such as pure water, is exactly 7.
  • Values less than 7 on the pH scale represent an acidic solution.
  • Values greater than 7 on the pH scale represent a basic (alkaline) solution, not an acidic one.
  • The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change represents a tenfold change in acidity/basicity.

Additional Information

  • Definition of pH
    • pH stands for 'potential of Hydrogen' or 'power of Hydrogen'.
    • It measures the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
  • Applications of pH Measurement
    • pH measurement is crucial in chemistry, biology, medicine, agriculture, and many other fields.
    • It is used to determine the acidity or alkalinity of soil, water, and other substances.
  • Indicators of pH
    • Litmus paper, pH paper, and pH meters are commonly used to measure pH.
    • Indicators change color at specific pH levels, providing a visual representation of pH.
  • Importance of pH in Biological Systems
    • Maintaining proper pH is essential for many biological processes.
    • Human blood has a pH of around 7.4, which is slightly basic.
    • Enzyme activity and metabolic functions are highly pH-dependent.
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