Which of the following is the 'fifth state of matter'?

  1. Plasma
  2. Einstein condensate 
  3. ​Bose-Einstein condensate 
  4. ​Newton-Einstein condensate 

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : ​Bose-Einstein condensate 
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Detailed Solution

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The correct answer is ​Bose-Einstein condensate.

Key Points

  • Matters are generally categorized into 3 states:
    • Solid: Particles are held very close to each other and can't move. 
    • Liquid: Particles are close to each other but they can move around. 
    • Gas: Particles are far from each other as compared to those present in solid or liquid states and their movement is easy and fast. 
  • Two more states are discovered under extreme circumstances:
    • Plasma: A superheated matter, so hot that the electrons are ripped away from the atoms forming an ionized gas. 
    • Bose-Einstein Condensate: A group of atoms cooled to absolute zero temperature(-273.15 oC).

Additional Information

SLG states 

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