Which international organisation published the "Human Development Report 2020"?

The correct answer is United Nations Development Programme.

Key Points

• The Human Development Report 2020 was published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), an international organization working on sustainable development and poverty eradication.
• The report focuses on the theme of "The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene", analyzing the relationship between human development and environmental sustainability.
• The Human Development Index (HDI), a composite index measuring life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, is a key feature of the report.
• The 2020 HDR introduced a new experimental index called the Planetary Pressures-adjusted Human Development Index (PHDI), which accounts for environmental sustainability.
• The UNDP has been publishing the Human Development Report annually since 1990 to provide valuable insights into global development challenges and trends.

Additional Information

• United Nations Development Programme (UNDP):
  • UNDP is a United Nations agency established in 1965, headquartered in New York City.
  • Its primary focus is to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities, and build resilience to crises and shocks.
  • UNDP works in over 170 countries and territories, supporting governments in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• Human Development Index (HDI):
  • HDI is a statistical measure developed by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and Indian economist Amartya Sen.
  • It evaluates countries based on three dimensions: health (life expectancy), education, and standard of living (GNI per capita).
  • The HDI ranking is widely used to compare the development levels of nations globally.
• Planetary Pressures-adjusted Human Development Index (PHDI):
  • This new metric adjusts the HDI by considering environmental impact, including carbon dioxide emissions and material footprint.
  • PHDI reflects the balance between human development and planetary sustainability.
• Anthropocene:
  • The term "Anthropocene" refers to the current geological age, where human activity is the dominant influence on climate and the environment.
  • The 2020 HDR emphasizes the need to shift towards sustainable practices to address the challenges posed by the Anthropocene.