Which defect of vision occurs due to the weakening of ciliary muscles with age?

The correct answer is Presbyopia.

Key Points

• Presbyopia is a common age-related vision defect caused by the weakening of ciliary muscles and loss of elasticity in the eye's lens.
• It typically occurs after the age of 40 years and progressively worsens with age.
• This condition results in difficulty focusing on nearby objects, often requiring reading glasses or bifocals for correction.
• Presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process and cannot be prevented, but it can be effectively managed with corrective lenses or surgical options.
• Unlike other refractive errors, Presbyopia is not caused by the shape of the cornea or the eyeball, but by age-induced changes in the eye's focusing ability.

Additional Information

• Myopia (Nearsightedness)
  • It is a refractive error where distant objects appear blurry, caused by the elongation of the eyeball or excessive curvature of the cornea.
  • It is corrected using concave lenses or refractive surgeries like LASIK.
• Hypermetropia (Farsightedness)
  • A condition where close objects appear blurry due to the eyeball being too short or the cornea being too flat.
  • It is corrected using convex lenses or surgical options like lens replacement.
• Astigmatism
  • It occurs due to an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, causing blurred or distorted vision.
  • This condition can affect both near and far vision and is corrected using cylindrical lenses.
• Accommodation of the Eye
  • The process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus on objects at varying distances.
  • Presbyopia occurs when the lens loses this flexibility with age, leading to difficulty in near vision.