The N-atom of pyridine is -

Concept:

Pyridine is a heterocyclic aromatic compound with the molecular formula C₅H₅N. In pyridine, one of the carbon atoms in the benzene-like ring system is replaced by a nitrogen atom. To understand the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in pyridine, we need to consider its electronic structure and bonding.

• Hybridization: The process by which atomic orbitals mix to form new hybrid orbitals that are suitable for the pairing of electrons to form chemical bonds.

• Types of hybridization: The most common types are sp, sp², and sp³. These correspond to the mixing of one s orbital with one, two, or three p orbitals, respectively.

• Geometry: The type of hybridization determines the geometry around the central atom. For example, sp² hybridization usually results in trigonal planar geometry.

Explanation:

The nitrogen atom in pyridine is bonded to two carbon atoms and has one lone pair of electrons. The lone pair of electrons occupies the sp² hybrid orbital.

Since the nitrogen atom in pyridine also has a p orbital that overlaps with the p orbitals of adjacent carbon atoms, creating the delocalized π-system characteristic of aromatic compounds, it confirms that the nitrogen atom is sp² hybridized.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the N-atom of pyridine is sp²-hybridised.