The liquid metal is:

The correct answer is Mercury.

Key Points

• Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature.
• The chemical symbol for mercury is Hg, derived from its Greek name, hydrargyrum, meaning "water-silver".
• Mercury is a heavy, silvery-white metal and is known for its high density and ability to form amalgams with other metals.
• It has a melting point of -38.83 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 356.73 degrees Celsius.
• Mercury is used in various applications such as thermometers, barometers, and dental amalgams, though its use has decreased due to toxicity concerns.

Additional Information

• Toxicity of Mercury
  • Mercury is highly toxic, especially in its organic form (methylmercury).
  • Exposure to mercury can affect the nervous system, digestive system, and immune system, and can be fatal.
  • Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning.
  • Due to its toxicity, the use and disposal of mercury are strictly regulated.
• Mercury in the Environment
  • Mercury can be released into the environment through industrial processes, such as coal burning and mining.
  • Once in the environment, mercury can be converted to methylmercury by microbial activity in water bodies.
  • Methylmercury accumulates in fish and shellfish, leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification up the food chain.
  • Consuming contaminated fish is a primary source of mercury exposure for humans.
• Handling and Safety
  • Due to its toxicity, mercury must be handled with care using appropriate safety measures, such as gloves and fume hoods.
  • Spills should be cleaned up immediately using specialized kits designed for mercury spillages.
  • Disposal of mercury requires adherence to hazardous waste regulations to prevent environmental contamination.
  • Mercury-free alternatives are increasingly being used in medical and industrial applications to mitigate risks.