The electric polarization is-

Question

Question

Separation of positive charge from a charged sphere by some external force
Separation of negative charge from a charged sphere by some external force
Same as the electric dipole
Shifting of positive and negative charge in opposite sides of an insulator induced by electric field

Answer 1

CONCEPT:

Dielectrics: The material which are very poor conductors of electric current are called dielectrics. They are basically insulators.

F1 J.K Madhu 21.05.20 D8

Electric polarization: When a dielectric material is placed in an electric field then positive and negative charges of the molecules of the material feel electrostatic forces in opposite direction and they are separated by some distance within the molecules and they comes to the opposite end of the materials as shown in the above figure. Thus the molecules becomes an induced electric dipole. This process is called electric polarization.

EXPLANATION:

The electric polarization is a process of rearranging positive charges and negative charges inside an insulator which are induced by an electric field. So option 4 is correct.
It is a process, it is not an electric dipole. So option 3 is wrong.
Due to this process, an induced electric dipole is formed inside an insulator.
Here there is no separation of charges from any charged materials. So options 1 and 2 are wrong.