Polarised light can be produced by:

  1. NaCl crystal
  2. Nicol prism
  3. Biprism
  4. Prism made of flint glass

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Nicol prism
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A light wave that has vibrations in more than one plane is known as unpolarized light.

  • Polarized waves are light waves in which the vibrations occur in a single plane.
  • A Nicol prism is made up of two prisms of calcite (CaCO3).
  • Nicol prism is designed in such a way that it eliminates the ordinary rays by total internal reflection and only allow the extraordinary rays to transmit through it.

 

Notes:

  • Nicol prism is used for producing a polarised beam of light from an un-polarised beam. Hence, option 2 is correct.
  • It is based on the principle of action which involves refraction as it passes into the lower half of the prism.
  • It leaves the prism as polarised light after undergoing another refraction as it exits the far right side of the prism. Thus its action is based on double refraction.
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