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स्वदेशी चळवळीचा लोकांवर सर्वाधिक प्रभाव कोणत्या प्रदेशात झाला?

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SSC GD Constable (2022) Official Paper (Held On : 12 Jan 2023 Shift 1)
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  1. बंगाल
  2. काश्मीर
  3. बेरार
  4. संयुक्त प्रांत

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : बंगाल
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योग्य उत्तर बंगाल आहे.
Key Points 
  • बंगालच्या लोकांवर स्वदेशी चळवळीचा सर्वात जास्त प्रभाव पडला.
  • ब्रिटीश वस्तूंवर बहिष्कार आणि भारतीय बनावटीच्या वस्तूंच्या जाहिराती ही चळवळ होती.
  • बंगालची फाळणी करण्याच्या ब्रिटिश निर्णयाला प्रतिसाद म्हणून 1905 मध्ये याची सुरुवात झाली.
  • बंगाली विचारवंत आणि विद्यार्थ्यांनी या चळवळीचे नेतृत्व केले आणि ते झपाट्याने संपूर्ण प्रांतात पसरले.
स्वदेशी चळवळीचे बंगालच्या लोकांवर अनेक महत्त्वाचे परिणाम झाले. प्रथम , राष्ट्रीय चेतना वाढविण्यात आणि बंगाली लोकांमध्ये एकतेची भावना निर्माण करण्यात मदत झाली. दुसरे , बंगाली लोकांमध्ये आर्थिक स्वावलंबनाची भावना विकसित होण्यास मदत झाली. तिसरे , राजकीय नेत्यांची एक नवीन पिढी तयार करण्यात मदत झाली जी नंतर भारतीय स्वातंत्र्य चळवळीत प्रमुख भूमिका बजावतील. Additional Information  पर्याय प्रदेश काश्मीर स्वदेशी चळवळीचा काश्मीरमध्ये मर्यादित प्रभाव होता. हे क्षेत्राचे दुर्गम स्थान, तेथील मुस्लिम बहुसंख्य आणि महाराजांचा मजबूत प्रभाव यासह अनेक कारणांमुळे होते. बेरार बेरारमध्ये स्वदेशी चळवळीचा थोडासा प्रभाव पडला. हे या प्रदेशाची कमी लोकसंख्या आणि चळवळीच्या केंद्रांपासूनचे अंतर यामुळे होते. संयुक्त प्रांत स्वदेशी चळवळीचा संयुक्त प्रांतात मध्यम प्रभाव होता. हे या प्रदेशातील मोठ्या लोकसंख्येमुळे आणि चळवळीच्या केंद्रांच्या जवळ असल्यामुळे होते. Important Points  स्वदेशी चळवळ बंगाल प्रांताच्या विभाजनाच्या लॉर्ड कर्झनच्या निर्णयाला विरोध करण्यासाठी सुरू झालेल्या फाळणीविरोधी चळवळीत या चळवळीचे मूळ होते. बंगालच्या अन्यायकारक फाळणीची अंमलबजावणी होऊ नये म्हणून सरकारवर दबाव आणण्यासाठी फाळणीविरोधी मोहीम नरमपंथीयांनी सुरू केली होती. 1906 मध्ये कलकत्ता येथे झालेल्या काँग्रेस अधिवेशनात, दादाभाई नौरोजी यांच्या अध्यक्षतेखालील INC ने स्वराज्य किंवा स्वराज्य हे INC चे ध्येय घोषित केले. 1905 ते 1908 पर्यंत बंगालमधील स्वदेशी चळवळीवर अतिरेक्यांनी (किंवा गरम दल) वर्चस्व मिळवले. या आंदोलनात शालेय व महाविद्यालयीन विद्यार्थ्यांचा सर्वाधिक सक्रिय सहभाग होता. पारंपारिकपणे गृहकेंद्रित महिलांनीही या चळवळीत सक्रिय सहभाग घेतला. 1908 पर्यंत, सरकारच्या हिंसक दडपशाहीमुळे स्वदेशी चळवळ उघड्या टप्प्यात जवळजवळ संपली होती.
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