In order to construct a good definition by genus and difference what must be avoided?

A. It should state the conventional intension of the term being defined

B. It must state the essential attributes of the term being defined

C. The definiendum itself must appear in the definiens

D. The definiens must denote more things than are denoted by the definiendum

E. A definition should not be negative when it can be affirmative

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The correct answer is - C and D only

Key Points

• C and D only
  • C: The definiendum itself must appear in the definiens
    • This is a circular definition, where the term being defined is used in its own definition, which does not provide a clear or useful explanation.
  • D: The definiens must denote more things than are denoted by the definiendum
    • This creates a too broad definition, which may include items that do not belong to the category defined by the definiendum, leading to inaccuracies.

Additional Information

• Genus and Difference Method
  • This method involves defining a term by specifying its general category (genus) and then distinguishing it from other members of that category by its specific characteristics (difference).
• Good Practices for Definitions
  • State the essential attributes of the term being defined.
  • Ensure the definition is neither too broad nor too narrow.
  • Use affirmative definitions where possible rather than negative ones.
• Common Errors in Definitions
  • Circular Definitions: Where the term is defined using itself.
  • Too Broad Definitions: Where the definition includes more than what is necessary.
  • Too Narrow Definitions: Where the definition excludes some items that should be included.