Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A: One of the important aims of research is the development of a theory.

Reason R: Both facts and theory are important for doing the research.

In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

Theories are descriptions of natural or social phenomena, events, or behaviors. 

Key Points

Assertion A: One of the important aims of research is the development of a theory.

• A scientific theory is a set of constructs and propositions that together give a logical, systematic, and cohesive explanation of a phenomenon. 
• Theories are commonly used to aid in the formulation of a research question, the selection of relevant data, the interpretation of the data, and the formulation of explanations. 
• Aim of research discovery of new knowledge that can be either the development of new concepts or theories. 

​Thus, Assertion A is correct. 

Reason R: Both facts and theory are important for doing the research.

• A fact is an observation that is known or proven to be correct. 
• A fact is an experimentally verified observation while a theory is a description of the relationship between facts.
• If facts or empirically verified observations were gathered at random. 

So, the Reason is correct but is not the correct explanation of A. 

Therefore, Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct explanation of A. 

Additional Information

• The term "theory" refers to a broad concept that provides an explanation for existent phenomena.
• Research is a method of adding to and expanding the existing body of knowledge.