For a floating body, the Center of Gravity ‘G’, Center of Buoyancy ‘B’ and the Metacenter ‘M’ are considered for verifying the conditions of stability. Which of the condition is essential to achieve stability of the floating body?

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ISRO VSSC Technical Assistant Mechanical 14 July 2021 Official Paper
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  1. G should be below B
  2. M should be above G
  3. B should be below G
  4. M should be below G

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : M should be above G
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Detailed Solution

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Concept:

The point ' M ' at which the line of action of the new buoyant force intersects the original vertical through the CG of the body, is called the meta-centre. It is a point about which a floating body starts oscillating when given a small angular displacement.

08.11.2017.30

GM > 0 (Metacentre is above centre of Gravity)

Stable equilibrium

GM = 0 (Metacentre coinciding with centre of Gravity)

Neutral equilibrium

GM < 0 (Metacentre is below centre of Gravity)

Unstable equilibrium

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