Question
Download Solution PDFClassify the following pollutants as primary pollutants (PP) and secondary pollutants (SP).
Ozone, Carbon monoxide, Particulate matter, Photochemical smog, Nitrogen oxides, Aerosol/mist, Hydrocarbons, Peroxy-Acetyl-Nitrate, Sulphur dioxide
Answer (Detailed Solution Below)
PP: Carbon monoxide, Particulate matter, Nitrogen oxides, Hydrocarbons, Sulphur dioxide
SP: Ozone, Photochemical smog, Aerosol/mist, Peroxy-Acetyl-Nitrate
Detailed Solution
Download Solution PDFConcept:
Air pollutants:
Pollutants are classified in different ways. According to origin pollutants are two types.
1). Primary pollutants:
- These are directly emitted from the sources in the atmosphere in a harmful form.
- They can be natural (volcanic eruptions or fires, for example) or of anthropogenic origin (carbon monoxide from vehicles).
2). Secondary Pollutants:
- These are derived from primary pollutants due to chemical or photochemical reactions in the atmosphere they become hazardous after reaction in the air.
- The best known of the secondary pollutants is certain gases that are synthesized by photochemical reactions in the lower atmosphere.
- The primary emitted chemicals in these reactions are hydrocarbons and gaseous oxides of nitrogen such as nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide.
- Its origin lies in the interactions between the primary emissions in the atmosphere.
Examples of primary and secondary air pollutants:
|
Primary Pollutants |
Secondary Pollutants |
|
Carbon monoxide (CO) Oxides of nitrogen (NOx, NO) Sulfur oxides (SOx) Hydrocarbons Particulate matter (dust, ash, salt particles) |
Ozone Peroxy Acetyl – nitrate (PAN) Photochemical smog Formaldehyde Sulphuric Acid |
Last updated on May 28, 2025
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