Solutions MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Solutions - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is option 3, i.e. Solid solution.

Alloy is an example of a solid solution.

• Alloy is the fusion or mixing of two or more metals and metals with non-metals.
  • Example of an alloy is Brass that is a mixture of copper and zinc.
  • The property of the resulting mixture differs from pure metals. For example, increasing hardness.
  • An alloy retains all the property of metal-like electrical conductivity, ductility, lustre etc.
  • Alloys are used in applications like building, automobiles, surgical tools and aerospace industry etc.
• A colloidal solution is a mixture in which substances are regularly suspended in the fluid. For example, plaster, paper, milk, gelatine, jelly etc.
• The emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids which are not soluble. For example egg yolk, butter.
• A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture of non-uniform composition. The mixture of two or more phases is called a heterogeneous mixture. For example, ice cubes in a drink, oil and water, salt and oil etc.

The correct answer is molality.

Concept:

• Molarity:
  • It is defined as the moles of a solute per litres of a solution.
  • It is also known as the molar concentration of a solution.
• Molality:
  • It is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
• Mole fraction:
  • It is the ratio of moles of a component with the total moles of solute and solvent.
• Mass%:
  • It is the percentage of the mass of solute or solvent w.r.t total mass of solution.
• Formulas:​

Explanation:

• Molality depends on the mass of the solvent.
• And ,mass is not dependent on temperature.
• So, Molality is independent of temperature.

​Additional Information

Notes:

• Normality:
  • It is defined as the number of gram equivalent per litre of solution.
  • Also known as equivalent concentration.
  • Normality = Number of gram equivalents / [volume of solution in litres]
• Normality is inversely proportional to temperature.
• ​Volume is directly proportional to temperature.
• Molarity is inversely proportional to volume.
• Molarity is inversely proportional to temperature.
• Molality is not dependent on temperature.

Mistake Points

• Molarity depends on the volume of the solution.
• And volume is directly proportional to temperature.
• And when we increase the temperature the volume will increase.
• So the increase in volume leads to a decrease in Molarity as Molarity is inversely proportional to the volume of solution

The correct answer is Starch solution.

Key Points

• Tyndall effect also called the Tyndall phenomenon is the scattering of a beam of light by a medium containing small suspended particles—e.g., smoke or dust in a room, which makes visible a light beam entering a window.
• This effect is exhibited by all colloidal solutions and some very fine suspensions.
• The intensity of scattered light depends on the density of the colloidal particles as well as the frequency of the incident light.
• The effect is named for the 19th-century British physicist John Tyndall, who first studied it extensively.
• Milk and Starch solution will show the Tyndall effect because of the presence of suspended particles.
• Sugar solution, Salt solution and Copper sulphate solution are examples of true solutions.
• They will not show the Tyndall effect because of the absence of suspended particles.

Additional Information

• A true solution is a homogeneous mixture with consistent properties.
• Filtration cannot separate the solute from the solution in a true solution.

The correct answer is "Physical Change".

Key Points 

• Physical change is a type of change where the physical properties of matter change. A change of state of matter, change in color, odor, solubility, etc. all are examples of physical change.
• During a physical change, neither the composition nor the chemical nature of matter is changed. During this change, molecules rearrange themselves without affecting the internal composition. A physical change doesn't affect the chemical property.
• Dissolution of sugar in water is a physical change because it doesn't result in the formation of a new substance. It is a reversible change as sugar and water can be extracted back from the solution by the process of crystallization followed by evaporation.

 Additional Information

• Chemical Change is a change of material into another. New materials with different properties and one or more than one new substance are formed.

Explanation:

• When non-metals are dissolved in water they produce acidic oxides.
• And most metals, give rise to basic oxides.
• The formation of H⁺ (aq) ions in solution causes a substance's acidic nature.
• The formation of OH^– (aq) ions in solution are responsible for a substance's basic nature.
• Non-metals do not react with water but the non-metal oxides do react with water and they produce acids.
• Non-metallic oxide dissolves in water to form an acid.
  • CO₂ + H₂O → H₂CO₃
• Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) is an acid formed by the reaction of water (H₂O) with carbon oxide (CO₂).

Concept: 

Mass by mass percentage: Mass percent is a way to express a concentration or to describe the component in a specific mixture.

• The composition of the solution can be represented in a mass percentage that shows the mass of solute present in a given solution quantity.
• The solute quantity is measured in the mass or by moles.
• The mass per cent is defined as the grams of solute per gram of solution for a solution, multiplied by 100 to get the percentage.
• Concentrating a Solution is the amount of solution present in a given quantity (mass or volume) of solution.

Mass % = (mass of solute/mass of solution) x 100

Calculation:

Given:

Solute mass (m) = 50 g, Solvent mass (M) = 350 g

Solution mass = m + M = 50 + 350

Solution mass = 400 g

Mass % = (mass of solute/mass of solution) x 100

The correct answer is Sugar in water.

Important Points

• Sugar in water is a homogeneous mixture.
• A Heterogeneous mixture has different proportions of its compound in a sample.
• A Homogeneous mixture has the same proportions of its compound in a sample.
• A Mixture in which solute particle does not dissolve, but get suspended is a suspension.
• A solution in which the substances are regularly suspended in a fluid is a Colloidal Solution.
• A true solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which the substance dissolved in the solvent has a particle size of less than 10-9 m or 1 nm. 

The correct answer is 3 i.e. 46 grams.

Explanation:

• 1 mole of C2H5OH = Molecular mass of C₂H₅OH in grams
  • Mass of 2C + Mass of 6H + Mass of 1O
  • 12 × 2 + 1 × 6 + 16 × 1
  • 24 + 6 + 16
  • 46 grams

Concept:

Good and Bad Conductors of electricity

• Good Conductors are materials that allow an electric current to pass through them. 
  • Examples: Metals like copper, silver, etc are good conductors. Graphite is also a good conductor. 
  • They are used for making conducting wires. 
• Poor conductors are materials that do not allow an electric current to pass through them.
  • Examples: wood, diamond, plastic, pure water, etc. 
  • They are used to make switches, insulating covers, etc.

Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity. But when impurities are present in it, it may conduct electricity. 

Explanation:

• Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity. 
• Distilled water is pure water and hence poor conductor of electricity. 
• Tap water is not pure. It contains several other types of minerals and ions which conduct electricity. So, tap water is a good conductor of electricity. 
• The salt solution contains ions that conduct electricity, so the saltwater is a good conductor of electricity.

Therefore the correct option is Both tap and seawater. 

Solution: 

• A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances.
• The minor component in the solution which is dissolved in the solvent (major component)  is called Solute.
• The major component of the solution which dissolves a solute (minor component) is called Solvent.

Here, in the above question, common salt is solute and water is solvent.  

The formula for mass by the Concentration of the solution is given bt 

= 

Calculation:

Given:  

Mass of solute (common salt) = 50g 

mass of solvent (water)= 500g 

∴Concentration of the solution

=  ">mass of solutemass ofsolvent" id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" role="presentation" style="display: inline; position: relative;" tabindex="0">mass of solutemass ofsolvent

= (50/550) × 100

= 9.09%

Concentration of the solution =  9%

The correct answer is Amalgam.

Explanation:

• An Amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal.
• It may be a liquid, a soft paste or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury.
• These alloys are formed through metallic bonding, with the electrostatic attractive force of the conduction electrons working to bind all the positively charged metal ions together into a crystal lattice structure.
• Amalgams are used to make dental fillings, to bind to precious metals so they can be isolated later, and to produce mirror coatings.

Additional Information

• Saturated Solution - 
  • A solution which can not dissolve a further amount of solute at a particular temperature is called a saturated solution.
  • For example, when you keep adding sugar to the water, a time will reach when no more sugar will dissolve in the water and sugar will settle down at the bottom.
• Unsaturated Solution - 
  • An unsaturated solution is a solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved.
  • Tea and the sugar solution is a good example of an unsaturated solution due to the reason that they dissolve more amount of sugar in them.
  • Once such solutions reach the saturation point, they get converted to a saturated solutions.
• Supersaturated Solution -
  • A supersaturated solution contains more dissolved solute than required for preparing a saturated solution and can be prepared by heating a saturated solution, adding more solute, and then cooling it gently.
  • Excess dissolved solute crystallizes by seeding supersaturated solution with a few crystals of the solute.

• A mixture of cement, gravel, coarse and water is called concrete.
• Mortar is composed of sand and cement.
• Slurry is a semi-liquid mixture made of cement or coal, manure, and water.

The correct answer is solution.

Key Points

• A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is known as the Solution.
  • Mixtures are constituted by more than one kind of pure form of matter.
  • A solution has a solvent and a solute as its components.
  • The component of the solution that dissolves the other component in it (usually the component present in larger amounts) is called the solvent.
  • The component of the solution that is dissolved in the solvent (usually present in lesser quantity) is called the solute.

Additional Information

• Mixtures are classified into two categories:-
  • A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture of two or more chemical substances where the various components can be visually distinguished.
  • A homogeneous mixture is a type of mixture in which the composition is uniform and every part of the solution has the same properties.
• Pure substances are classified into two categories:-
  • Elements- A pure substance with only one kind of atom and cannot be broken into two or simpler substances by physical or chemical means is an element.
  • Compounds- A pure substance composed of two or more elements and chemically combined in a fixed proportion is called a compound.

The correct answer is 2 i.e. 18 grams.

Explanation:

• 1 mole of H2O = Molecular mass of H2O in grams
  • Mass of 2H + Mass of 1O
  • 2 × 1 + 16 × 1
  • 2 + 16
  • 18 grams

The correct answer is options (ii) and (iv).

Concept:

Mixtures:

• A mixture is a substance that consists of two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together.
• For Example - Air is a mixture of gases like oxygen, nitrogen, argon, CO2, and water vapour. 

Explanation:

Types of Mixtures:

• Homogeneous Mixture:
  • Those mixtures, in which the substances are completely mixed together and are indistinguishable from one another, are called homogeneous mixtures.
  • For example Soda water, Soft drinks, lemonade, salt or sugar solution, etc.
• Heterogeneous Mixture:
  • Those mixtures in which the substances remain separate and one substance is spread throughout the other substance as small particles, droplets, or bubbles are called heterogeneous mixtures.
  • All the suspensions and colloids are heterogeneous mixtures.
  • For Example: - Sugar and sand mixture, muddy river water, soap solution.