Plant Nutrition MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Plant Nutrition - Download Free PDF

The correct answer is Drosera.

Key Points

Explanation:

• The animals which feed on other animals are called carnivorous animals.
• In plants also there are some plants that feed on insects. 
• Such plants are having modified leaves known as pitfall traps. 
• Insects are attracted to these traps.
• They get digested by the pitcher plant's digestive juices. 
• Other such plants are Drosera, dionaea, Utricularia, etc. 
• In pitcher plants, there are leaves for photosynthesis for preparing starch like other plants.
• It fulfils its nitrogen requirements from insects. 
• The area in which such plants grow lacks nitrogen in the soil. 

Drosera, pitcher plant, and Utricularia is the set of plants representing insectivorous plants.

Additional Information 

• Cuscuta is parasitic plant. 
• Algae has an autotropic mode of nutrition. 

The Correct answer is Adequate moisture, no air.

Key Points

• For a seed to germinate, three key factors are required: adequate moisture, oxygen, and a suitable temperature.
• Oxygen is crucial for cellular respiration, which provides the energy required for the seed to grow and develop into a seedling.
• In the absence of air (oxygen), the seed cannot undergo aerobic respiration, which is essential for producing sufficient energy (ATP) for germination.
• Even if adequate moisture is present, the lack of air (oxygen) will prevent metabolic activities in the seed, halting the germination process.
• The process of germination involves the breakdown of stored food reserves in the seed, which requires oxygen for efficient energy release.
• Seeds buried in waterlogged or compacted soil, where oxygen availability is low, often fail to germinate due to this reason.

Additional Information

• Adequate moisture, absence of light
  • Some seeds do not require light for germination; in fact, certain seeds like onion and carrot germinate better in the absence of light.
  • Light is not a universally essential factor for germination, as it depends on the type of seed.
• Adequate moisture, adequate sunlight
  • While sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis during the later growth stages, it is not critical during the initial germination phase.
  • Seeds like beans can germinate in the absence of sunlight as long as moisture and oxygen are available.
• Adequate moisture, adequate air
  • These conditions are ideal for germination as the seed has all the necessary factors: water, oxygen, and suitable temperature.
  • Under such conditions, the seed absorbs water, undergoes enzymatic changes, and starts growing into a seedling.

The correct answer is Gluten

The correct answer is Osmosis.

Key Points

• Osmosis is the process by which water molecules move from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
• In plants, this semi-permeable membrane is the root cell membrane, which allows the absorption of water from the soil.
• Osmosis is crucial for maintaining cell turgidity, which helps in keeping the plant upright and firm.
• It is a passive process, meaning it does not require energy input from the plant.
• The process of osmosis also aids in the transportation of essential nutrients dissolved in water from the soil to the plant roots.

 Additional Information

• Endocytosis
  • Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell by engulfing them with the cell membrane.
  • This process is energy-dependent and involves the formation of vesicles.
  • It is not related to water absorption in plant roots.
• Photosynthesis
  • Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.
  • It involves the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
  • This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and is not directly related to water absorption.

The correct answer is Magnesium.

Key Points

• Magnesium is essential for the synthesis of chlorophyll in plants.
• Forms an integral part of chlorophyll.
• Central component of chlorophyll, surrounded by a nitrogen-containing porphyrin ring.
• Magnesium is an important part of the structure and is therefore urgently required for the synthesis of chlorophyll.

Additional Information 

• Boron: Boron is a non-metallic element and the only non-metal in group 13 of the periodic table.
• Iodine: Iodine is an essential element for humans, requiring a daily consumption of approximately 0.1 milligrams of iodide.
• Sodium: Sodium is an essential nutrient, required in relatively small amounts (unless you sweat excessively) to maintain fluid balance and muscle and nerve function.

The correct answer is Drosera.

Key Points

Explanation:

• The animals which feed on other animals are called carnivorous animals.
• In plants also there are some plants that feed on insects. 
• Such plants are having modified leaves known as pitfall traps. 
• Insects are attracted to these traps.
• They get digested by the pitcher plant's digestive juices. 
• Other such plants are Drosera, dionaea, Utricularia, etc. 
• In pitcher plants, there are leaves for photosynthesis for preparing starch like other plants.
• It fulfils its nitrogen requirements from insects. 
• The area in which such plants grow lacks nitrogen in the soil. 

Drosera, pitcher plant, and Utricularia is the set of plants representing insectivorous plants.

Additional Information 

• Cuscuta is parasitic plant. 
• Algae has an autotropic mode of nutrition. 

The correct answer is Insectivorous.

Key Points

• Insectivorous plants follow both autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition.
  • They are carnivorous plants that derive nutrition by the consumption of insects, animals, protozoans, and Arthropoda.
  • They generate energy by the process of photosynthesis.
  • They are found on all continents except Antarctica and also found on many pacific islands.
  • Venus trap, Drosera capensis, California pitcher plant, etc are examples of insectivorous plants.

Image of Insectivorous plant:

Additional Information

• Algae are classified as blue-green algae, red algae, brown algae, and green algae.
  • They can do photosynthesis and they are a diverse group of aquatic organisms.
  • Examples of algae are seaweeds, such as kelp or phytoplankton, pond scum, or the algal blooms in the lake.
  • They are capable of producing oxygen by the method of photosynthesis.
  • Algaes are not only helpful but also crucial for the existence of life on earth.

Image of algae:

• Fungi acts as principal decomposers in ecological systems.
  • The scientific study of fungi is called mycology.
  • Examples of fungi are yeasts, molds, mushrooms, symbionts of plants, animals, and other fungi, parasites, etc.
  • They have chitin in their cell wall.
  • The study of the historical uses and sociological impact of fungi is called Ethnomycology.

Image of fungi:

• Parasites have three main classes that can cause disease in humans they are protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites.
  • It is an organism that lives on the host and gets its food from or at the expense of the host.
  • Stomach and gut worms, skin mites, hair and body lice, and protozoa are examples of parasites.
  • The study of parasites is called parasitology.

Image of Parasites:

The correct answer is Pitcher Plant.

Concept:

• Insectivorous plants are the plants that obtain their nutrients by trapping or consuming animals (insects and other arthropods). 
• Insectivorous plants grow in nitrogen-deficient soils.
• They obtain nitrogen from different insects, e.g. Drosera, Nepenthes, Dionnea, Utricularia, Pitcher plant, etc.

Explanation:

• The pitcher plant is an insectivorous plant
• It has a Pitcher-like structure that is the modified part of the leaf.
• The apex of the leaf forms a lid that can open and close the mouth of the pitcher.
• Inside the pitcher, there are hairs that are directed downwards.
• When an insect lands in the pitcher, the lid closes and the trapped insect gets entangled into the hair.
• The insect is digested by the digestive juices secreted in the pitcher.

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Additional Information

Explanation:

• Halophytes are the plants which have capacity to survive in the highly salt affected soils. This ability against high salt is mainly because of two mechanisms– salt tolerance and salt avoidance.
• A true epiphyte is defined as a plant that uses another plant for physical support during its whole life, but it removes no nutrients from the phloem of its “host.”
• A xerophyte is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water. Examples of xerophytes are cacti, pineapple.
• Hydrophytes are the plants which live completely or partially submerged in fresh water. They have developed mechanisms for the removal of extra water from their cells. Hydrophytes have broad leaves with a large number of stomata on their upper surfaces.

The correct answer is Cytokinin.

• Among the options, only Cytokinin is a plant hormone.
• Cytokinin helps in the rapid cell division in plants.
  • Cytokinin is largely present in coconut water.
  • The two types of cytokinins are:
    1. Adenine-type cytokinins.
    2. Phenylurea-type cytokinins.
  • Cytokinins are involved in plant processes like cell division and shoot and root morphogenesis.
  • Farmers use cytokinin to increase crops.

Additional Information

• Melatonin is the hormone secreted by the Pineal gland.
  • Melatonin is also called the hormone of darkness.
  • Melatonin regulates the circadian rhythm of the human body.
  • The deficiency of melatonin caused sleeplessness.
• Gastrin is a peptide hormone released by the G cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas.
• Cholecystokinin is a peptide hormone secreted by the enteroendocrine cells in the duodenum.

Deficiency of Calcium causes retarded growth in plants.

The correct answer is Neither I nor II.

Key Points

• Plants require nutrients for their proper physiological functioning. The nutrients can be divided into macro and micronutrients.
• Iron is a micronutrient since the amount of iron which is required by plants is less compared to that of macronutrients. Hence I pair is incorrect.
• Calcium is a macronutrient, which is crucial for plants. The element has both structural and physiological functions. Hence II pair is incorrect.

Additional Information

• Macronutrients are generally present in plant tissue in large amounts which include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
• Micronutrients are trace elements that are needed in very small amounts and they include Iron, manganese, copper, molybdenum, zinc, boron, chlorine, and nickel.

The correct answer is Vitamins and minerals.

Key Points

• Vitamins and minerals are protective nutrients in a balanced diet.
• A diet that contains the proper amounts of each nutrient is called a balanced diet. 
• Our bodies cannot synthesize vitamins. Therefore, we need to consume natural sources such as fruits and vegetables.
• Vegetables like spinach, cabbage, brinjal, beans, and fruits are called protective foods. 
• These components protect us from diseases. Hence, they are called protective components of food.

Additional Information

Important Points

• Proteins are the building blocks of our bodies.
  • They are responsible for the growth and repair of muscle.
• Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for our bodies. starch, sugar, and cellulose are the three major categories of carbohydrates.
• Fats are substances that our body stores for future use.
  • The major sources of animal fats are ghee, butter, milk, cheese, eggs, fish, and meat.

The correct answer is Phloem.

Key Points

• Phloem tissue transports food in plants.
  • In plants, the synthesized food molecules by the leaves are transported to the different storage organs- roots, stem, fruits with the help of vascular tissue called phloem.
  • Phloem is the living tissue in vascular plants that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to parts of the plant where needed.
  • This transport process is called translocation.
  • The phloem carries food downward from the leaves to the roots.
  • Xylem cells constitute the major part of a mature woody stem or root.
• Hence, the correct option is 2.

Additional Information

• Xylem :
  • Xylem is a plant vascular tissue that conveys water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant and also provides physical support.
  • Xylem tissue consists of a variety of specialized, water-conducting cells known as tracheary elements.
  • Xylem can be found in vascular bundles, present in non-woody plants and non-woody parts of woody plants. 
• Parenchyma :
  • The functional tissue of an organ is distinguished from the connective and supporting tissue.
  • Parenchyma tissue is composed of thin-walled cells and makes up the photosynthetic tissue in leaves, the pulp of fruits, and the endosperm of many seeds.
• Collenchyma :
  • Collenchyma, in plants, supports the tissue of living elongated cells with irregular cell walls.
  • Collenchyma cells have thick deposits of cellulose in their cell walls and appear polygonal in cross-sections.
  • The strength of the tissue results from these thickened cell walls and the longitudinal interlocking of the cells.

The correct answer is Abscisic acid.

Key Points

• The plant hormone, Abscisic acid inhibits the growth of the plant.
• Auxin, Gibberellins, and cytokinins promote the growth of the plant.
• Abscisic Acid (ABA) is involved in the closure of stomata, seeds dormancy, and inhibit other hormonal actions.
  • It plays an important role in seed maturation.
  • It also has an important role in the synthesis of proteins and compatible osmolytes, which enable plants to tolerate stresses due to environmental or biotic factors.

Additional Information

• Cytokinins, Gibberellins, Auxins are responsible for plant growth.
  • They are produced within the plant and occur in very low concentrations.
  • They control all aspects of plant growth and development, regulation of organ size, embryogenesis, stress tolerance, etc.